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\ExamID{1234}

\begin{document}

\begin{center}
    {\Large\bfseries Comprehensive Exam}
\end{center}

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% Multiple Choice
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\begin{Question}{MC}{Medium}{4}{Choose the correct answer for each question.}
\begin{MC}[4]

    \MCQuestion{Which planet is the closest to the Sun and has the shortest orbital period}{1}
        \MCOption{Mercury}
        \MCOption{Venus}
        \MCOption{Earth}
        \MCOption{Mars}

    \MCQuestion{Which planet rotates in the opposite direction to the usual rotation of the planets?}{2}
        \MCOption{Mercury}
        \MCOption{Venus}
        \MCOption{Mars}
        \MCOption{Jupiter}

   \MCQuestion{Which planet is home to ``Olympus Mons'' the largest volcano in the solar system?}{3}
	\MCOption{Mercury}
	\MCOption{Venus}
	\MCOption{Mars}
	\MCOption{Saturn}
	
   \MCQuestion{Which planet is famous for its large ring system?}{3}
	\MCOption{Neptune}
	\MCOption{Uranus}
	\MCOption{Saturn}
	\MCOption{Jupiter} 	

   \MCQuestion{Which Is the Fastest Spinning Planet in the Solar System?}{4}
	\MCOption{Neptune}
	\MCOption{Uranus}
	\MCOption{Saturn}
	\MCOption{Jupiter}
\end{MC}
\end{Question}

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% True / False
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\begin{Question}{TF}{Easy}{2}{Write T if the statement is True and F if it is False.}
\begin{TF}
    \TFQuestion{Venus has a day longer than its year.}{True}
    \TFQuestion{Saturn is the only planet with rings.}{False}
    \TFQuestion{Jupiter rotates faster than any other planet.}{True}
    \TFQuestion{Earth has a longer day than Mars.}{False}
    \TFQuestion{Jupiter’s great red spot is a giant storm.}{True}
\end{TF}
\end{Question}

\begin{Question}{TF}{Easy}{2}{Write T if the statement is True and F if it is False.}
\begin{TF}[options]
    \TFQuestion{Mercury has a day longer than its year.}{False}
    \TFQuestion{Saturn is not the only planet with rings.}{True}
    \TFQuestion{Venus is the slowest spinning planet}{True}
    \TFQuestion{Earth has a shorter day than Mars.}{True}
    \TFQuestion{Neptune’s great dark spot is a giant storm}{True}
\end{TF}
\end{Question}

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% Ordering
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\begin{Question}{Ordering}{Medium}{3}{Arrange the items in the correct order.}
\begin{Ordering}[5]
    \OrderQuestion{Arrange these planets in ascending order of their distance from the Sun.}
        \OrderOption{Mercury}
        \OrderOption{Venus}
        \OrderOption{Earth}
        \OrderOption{Mars}
        \OrderOption{Jupiter}        
        \OrderAnswer
        
    \OrderQuestion{Arrange these planets in descending order of their size.}
        \OrderOption{Saturn}
        \OrderOption{Neptune}
        \OrderOption{Uranus}
        \OrderOption{Earth}
        \OrderOption{Venus}
        \OrderAnswer

    \OrderQuestion{Arrange these planets in descending order of their rotation speeds.}
        \OrderOption{Jupiter}
        \OrderOption{Saturn}
        \OrderOption{Uranus}
        \OrderOption{Neptune}
        \OrderOption{Earth}
        \OrderAnswer    
        
    \OrderQuestion{Q: Arrange these planets in ascending order of their orbital periods.}
        \OrderOption{Venus}
        \OrderOption{Mars}
        \OrderOption{Jupiter}
        \OrderOption{Uranus}
        \OrderOption{Neptune}
        \OrderAnswer
\end{Ordering}
\end{Question}

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% Fill in the Blank
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\begin{Question}{FillBlank}{Medium}{4}{Fill in the blanks using the words in the box.}
\begin{FillBlank}[true]
    \WordBank[\qquad]{Neptune, Jupiter, Mercury, Rings, Hottest, Milky Way, Asteroid, Center, Orbit, Atmosphere, Side}
    
    \FillQuestion{The \Blank\ Belt is a region located between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter.}{Asteroid}
    \FillQuestion{Venus is the \Blank\  planet in our solar system because its thick atmosphere traps heat.}{Hottest}
    \FillQuestion{Uranus is unique because it rotates completely on its \Blank\ .}{side}
    \FillQuestion{The Solar System is located inside the \Blank\ Galaxy.}{Milky Way}
    \FillQuestion{The Sun is located at the \Blank\ of the solar system.}{Center}
    \FillQuestion{The smallest planet by diameter is \Blank, and the largest is \Blank.}{Mercury|Jupiter}
\end{FillBlank}
\end{Question}

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% Matching
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\begin{Question}{Matching}{Medium}{4}{Match the phenomenon with its cause.}
\begin{Matching}

    \MatchPair{Mercury experiences extreme temperature swings between day and night.}{Because it has virtually no atmosphere to trap heat or distribute it around the planet.}
    \MatchPair{Mars appears reddish-orange when viewed from Earth.}{because its surface is covered in iron oxide, or rust, which reflects red light.}  
    \MatchPair{A distinct belt of asteroids exists between Mars and Jupiter.}{Because Jupiter's intense gravity prevented the rocky debris from accreting into a planet.}
    \MatchPair{Jupiter has powerful winds and a Great Red Spot.}{because its fast rotation and internal heat create massive, long-lasting storms.}
    \MatchPair{Uranus rotates almost horizontally on its side compared with other planets.}{Because a massive collision with an Earth-sized protoplanet early in its history tilted its axis.}
    \MatchPair{Halley’s Comet develops a glowing tail as it nears the Sun.}{Because the Sun's radiation vaporizes its ices, creating streams of gas and dust.}
\end{Matching}
\end{Question}

\begin{Question}{Matching}{Medium}{4}{Match each space term with the correct description.}
\begin{Matching}[0.19]
    \MatchPair{Meteor}{A streak of light caused when a small space rock burns up in Earth atmosphere.}
    \MatchPair{Meteorite}{A piece of space rock that survives its fall and lands on Earth’s surface.}
    \MatchPair{Comet}{An icy object that forms a glowing tail when it gets close to the Sun.}
    \MatchPair{Asteroids}{Rocky objects that orbit the Sun, mostly found between Mars and Jupiter.}
    \MatchPair{Starg}{A giant ball of hot glowing gases that produces its own light and heat.}
    \MatchPair{Nebula}{A large cloud of gas and dust where new stars can form.}
    \MatchPair{Galaxy}{A huge collection of stars, gas, and dust held together by gravity.}
\end{Matching}
\end{Question}

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% Short Answer
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\begin{Question}{ShortAnswer}{Easy}{3}{Write a short, direct answer for each question.}
\begin{ShortAnswer}[true]
    \ShortQuestion[2]{Which planet is known as the red planet?}{Mars}
    \ShortQuestion[1]{Which planet is known as the blue planet?}{Neptune}   
    \ShortQuestion[0]{Which planet is known as the giant planet?}{Jupiter}
    \ShortQuestion[0]{Which planet is known as the twin planet of Earth?}{Venus}   
\end{ShortAnswer}
\end{Question}

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% Essay
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\begin{Question}{Essay}{Hard}{10}{Answer the following questions scientifically and logically.}
\begin{Essay}[true]  % ruled lines
    \EssayQuestion{Imagine you are an astronaut standing on Mars, and you try to jump as high as you can. Will your jump be higher or lower compared to your jump on Earth? Explain your answer.}{Your jump will be higher. This is because Mars has a weaker surface gravity than Earth (about 38\% of Earth's gravity), which means there is less downward pulling force on your body.\\[1ex]}

    \EssayQuestion[4]{Even though Mercury is the closest planet to the Sun, Venus is the hottest planet in the solar system. Explain why?}{Because Venus has a very thick and dense atmosphere made mostly of carbon dioxide. This traps the Sun's heat inside through an intense greenhouse effect. Mercury, on the other hand, has almost no atmosphere to trap heat.\\[1ex]}

    \EssayQuestion[5]{Why do outer planets (like Jupiter and Saturn) have much longer years compared to inner planets (like Earth and Mercury)?}{For two main reasons: First, the outer planets are located much farther  from the Sun, making their orbital paths much longer and wider. Second,  planets travel slower in their orbits the farther they are from the Sun's gravitational pull.\\[1ex]}
\end{Essay}
\end{Question}

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% Reading Passage
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\begin{Question}{ReadingPassage}{Medium}{8}{Read the passage and answer the questions.}
\begin{ReadingPassage}{Halley’s Comet}
Halley’s Comet is the most famous comet in our solar system, known for visiting the inner solar system every 76 years. Unlike asteroids, comets are made of ice, dust, and rocky material, often called “dirty snowballs.” When Halley’s Comet gets close to the Sun, the heat turns its ice into gas, creating a glowing cloud and a long, bright tail that points away from the Sun. People on Earth can sometimes see it with the naked eye, as it last appeared in 1986 and will return in 2061. Throughout history, many civilizations recorded its appearance, believing it signaled great events or changes.
\end{ReadingPassage}

\begin{ShortAnswer}[true]
    \ShortQuestion[1]{How often does Halley’s Comet visit the inner solar system?}{Every 76 years.}
    \ShortQuestion[1]{What materials make up a comet like Halley?}{Ice, dust, and rocky material.}
    \ShortQuestion[1]{What causes the comet to develop a glowing tail?}{Solar heat turns its ice into gas.}
    \ShortQuestion[1]{When did Halley’s Comet last appear, and when is it expected to return?}{Last appeared in 1986; expected to return in 2061.}     
\end{ShortAnswer}
\end{Question}

\end{document}