'xrdef {Introduction-title}{Introduction}
'xrdef {Introduction-pg}{1}
'xrdef {Introduction-snt}{Chapter'tie1}
'xrdef {Getting Started-title}{Getting Started}
'xrdef {Getting Started-pg}{1}
'xrdef {Getting Started-snt}{Section'tie1.1}
'xrdef {Standards and Portability-title}{Standards and Portability}
'xrdef {Standards and Portability-pg}{1}
'xrdef {Standards and Portability-snt}{Section'tie1.2}
'xrdef {ISO C-title}{ISO C}
'xrdef {ISO C-pg}{2}
'xrdef {ISO C-snt}{Section'tie1.2.1}
'xrdef {POSIX-title}{POSIX (The Portable Operating System Interface)}
'xrdef {POSIX-pg}{2}
'xrdef {POSIX-snt}{Section'tie1.2.2}
'xrdef {Berkeley Unix-title}{Berkeley Unix}
'xrdef {Berkeley Unix-pg}{3}
'xrdef {Berkeley Unix-snt}{Section'tie1.2.3}
'xrdef {SVID-title}{SVID (The System V Interface Description)}
'xrdef {SVID-pg}{3}
'xrdef {SVID-snt}{Section'tie1.2.4}
'xrdef {Using the Library-title}{Using the Library}
'xrdef {Using the Library-pg}{4}
'xrdef {Using the Library-snt}{Section'tie1.3}
'xrdef {Header Files-title}{Header Files}
'xrdef {Header Files-pg}{4}
'xrdef {Header Files-snt}{Section'tie1.3.1}
'xrdef {Macro Definitions-title}{Macro Definitions of Functions}
'xrdef {Macro Definitions-pg}{5}
'xrdef {Macro Definitions-snt}{Section'tie1.3.2}
'xrdef {Reserved Names-title}{Reserved Names}
'xrdef {Reserved Names-pg}{6}
'xrdef {Reserved Names-snt}{Section'tie1.3.3}
'xrdef {Feature Test Macros-title}{Feature Test Macros}
'xrdef {Feature Test Macros-pg}{8}
'xrdef {Feature Test Macros-snt}{Section'tie1.3.4}
'xrdef {Roadmap to the Manual-title}{Roadmap to the Manual}
'xrdef {Roadmap to the Manual-pg}{10}
'xrdef {Roadmap to the Manual-snt}{Section'tie1.4}
'xrdef {Error Reporting-title}{Error Reporting}
'xrdef {Error Reporting-pg}{15}
'xrdef {Error Reporting-snt}{Chapter'tie2}
'xrdef {Checking for Errors-title}{Checking for Errors}
'xrdef {Checking for Errors-pg}{15}
'xrdef {Checking for Errors-snt}{Section'tie2.1}
'xrdef {Error Codes-title}{Error Codes}
'xrdef {Error Codes-pg}{16}
'xrdef {Error Codes-snt}{Section'tie2.2}
'xrdef {Error Messages-title}{Error Messages}
'xrdef {Error Messages-pg}{27}
'xrdef {Error Messages-snt}{Section'tie2.3}
'xrdef {Memory Allocation-title}{Memory Allocation}
'xrdef {Memory Allocation-pg}{31}
'xrdef {Memory Allocation-snt}{Chapter'tie3}
'xrdef {Memory Concepts-title}{Dynamic Memory Allocation Concepts}
'xrdef {Memory Concepts-pg}{31}
'xrdef {Memory Concepts-snt}{Section'tie3.1}
'xrdef {Dynamic Allocation and C-title}{Dynamic Allocation and C}
'xrdef {Dynamic Allocation and C-pg}{31}
'xrdef {Dynamic Allocation and C-snt}{Section'tie3.2}
'xrdef {Unconstrained Allocation-title}{Unconstrained Allocation}
'xrdef {Unconstrained Allocation-pg}{32}
'xrdef {Unconstrained Allocation-snt}{Section'tie3.3}
'xrdef {Basic Allocation-title}{Basic Storage Allocation}
'xrdef {Basic Allocation-pg}{32}
'xrdef {Basic Allocation-snt}{Section'tie3.3.1}
'xrdef {Malloc Examples-title}{Examples of \code {malloc}}
'xrdef {Malloc Examples-pg}{33}
'xrdef {Malloc Examples-snt}{Section'tie3.3.2}
'xrdef {Freeing after Malloc-title}{Freeing Memory Allocated with \code {malloc}}
'xrdef {Freeing after Malloc-pg}{34}
'xrdef {Freeing after Malloc-snt}{Section'tie3.3.3}
'xrdef {Changing Block Size-title}{Changing the Size of a Block}
'xrdef {Changing Block Size-pg}{35}
'xrdef {Changing Block Size-snt}{Section'tie3.3.4}
'xrdef {Allocating Cleared Space-title}{Allocating Cleared Space}
'xrdef {Allocating Cleared Space-pg}{36}
'xrdef {Allocating Cleared Space-snt}{Section'tie3.3.5}
'xrdef {Efficiency and Malloc-title}{Efficiency Considerations for \code {malloc}}
'xrdef {Efficiency and Malloc-pg}{37}
'xrdef {Efficiency and Malloc-snt}{Section'tie3.3.6}
'xrdef {Aligned Memory Blocks-title}{Allocating Aligned Memory Blocks}
'xrdef {Aligned Memory Blocks-pg}{37}
'xrdef {Aligned Memory Blocks-snt}{Section'tie3.3.7}
'xrdef {Malloc Tunable Parameters-title}{Malloc Tunable Parameters}
'xrdef {Malloc Tunable Parameters-pg}{38}
'xrdef {Malloc Tunable Parameters-snt}{Section'tie3.3.8}
'xrdef {Heap Consistency Checking-title}{Heap Consistency Checking}
'xrdef {Heap Consistency Checking-pg}{38}
'xrdef {Heap Consistency Checking-snt}{Section'tie3.3.9}
'xrdef {Hooks for Malloc-title}{Storage Allocation Hooks}
'xrdef {Hooks for Malloc-pg}{40}
'xrdef {Hooks for Malloc-snt}{Section'tie3.3.10}
'xrdef {Statistics of Malloc-title}{Statistics for Storage Allocation with \code {malloc}}
'xrdef {Statistics of Malloc-pg}{41}
'xrdef {Statistics of Malloc-snt}{Section'tie3.3.11}
'xrdef {Summary of Malloc-title}{Summary of \code {malloc}-Related Functions}
'xrdef {Summary of Malloc-pg}{42}
'xrdef {Summary of Malloc-snt}{Section'tie3.3.12}
'xrdef {Obstacks-title}{Obstacks}
'xrdef {Obstacks-pg}{43}
'xrdef {Obstacks-snt}{Section'tie3.4}
'xrdef {Creating Obstacks-title}{Creating Obstacks}
'xrdef {Creating Obstacks-pg}{43}
'xrdef {Creating Obstacks-snt}{Section'tie3.4.1}
'xrdef {Preparing for Obstacks-title}{Preparing for Using Obstacks}
'xrdef {Preparing for Obstacks-pg}{44}
'xrdef {Preparing for Obstacks-snt}{Section'tie3.4.2}
'xrdef {Allocation in an Obstack-title}{Allocation in an Obstack}
'xrdef {Allocation in an Obstack-pg}{45}
'xrdef {Allocation in an Obstack-snt}{Section'tie3.4.3}
'xrdef {Freeing Obstack Objects-title}{Freeing Objects in an Obstack}
'xrdef {Freeing Obstack Objects-pg}{46}
'xrdef {Freeing Obstack Objects-snt}{Section'tie3.4.4}
'xrdef {Obstack Functions-title}{Obstack Functions and Macros}
'xrdef {Obstack Functions-pg}{47}
'xrdef {Obstack Functions-snt}{Section'tie3.4.5}
'xrdef {Growing Objects-title}{Growing Objects}
'xrdef {Growing Objects-pg}{48}
'xrdef {Growing Objects-snt}{Section'tie3.4.6}
'xrdef {Extra Fast Growing-title}{Extra Fast Growing Objects}
'xrdef {Extra Fast Growing-pg}{49}
'xrdef {Extra Fast Growing-snt}{Section'tie3.4.7}
'xrdef {Status of an Obstack-title}{Status of an Obstack}
'xrdef {Status of an Obstack-pg}{51}
'xrdef {Status of an Obstack-snt}{Section'tie3.4.8}
'xrdef {Obstacks Data Alignment-title}{Alignment of Data in Obstacks}
'xrdef {Obstacks Data Alignment-pg}{52}
'xrdef {Obstacks Data Alignment-snt}{Section'tie3.4.9}
'xrdef {Obstack Chunks-title}{Obstack Chunks}
'xrdef {Obstack Chunks-pg}{52}
'xrdef {Obstack Chunks-snt}{Section'tie3.4.10}
'xrdef {Summary of Obstacks-title}{Summary of Obstack Functions}
'xrdef {Summary of Obstacks-pg}{53}
'xrdef {Summary of Obstacks-snt}{Section'tie3.4.11}
'xrdef {Variable Size Automatic-title}{Automatic Storage with Variable Size}
'xrdef {Variable Size Automatic-pg}{55}
'xrdef {Variable Size Automatic-snt}{Section'tie3.5}
'xrdef {Alloca Example-title}{\code {alloca} Example}
'xrdef {Alloca Example-pg}{55}
'xrdef {Alloca Example-snt}{Section'tie3.5.1}
'xrdef {Advantages of Alloca-title}{Advantages of \code {alloca}}
'xrdef {Advantages of Alloca-pg}{56}
'xrdef {Advantages of Alloca-snt}{Section'tie3.5.2}
'xrdef {Disadvantages of Alloca-title}{Disadvantages of \code {alloca}}
'xrdef {Disadvantages of Alloca-pg}{57}
'xrdef {Disadvantages of Alloca-snt}{Section'tie3.5.3}
'xrdef {GNU C Variable-Size Arrays-title}{GNU C Variable-Size Arrays}
'xrdef {GNU C Variable-Size Arrays-pg}{57}
'xrdef {GNU C Variable-Size Arrays-snt}{Section'tie3.5.4}
'xrdef {Relocating Allocator-title}{Relocating Allocator}
'xrdef {Relocating Allocator-pg}{58}
'xrdef {Relocating Allocator-snt}{Section'tie3.6}
'xrdef {Relocator Concepts-title}{Concepts of Relocating Allocation}
'xrdef {Relocator Concepts-pg}{58}
'xrdef {Relocator Concepts-snt}{Section'tie3.6.1}
'xrdef {Using Relocator-title}{Allocating and Freeing Relocatable Blocks}
'xrdef {Using Relocator-pg}{58}
'xrdef {Using Relocator-snt}{Section'tie3.6.2}
'xrdef {Character Handling-title}{Character Handling}
'xrdef {Character Handling-pg}{61}
'xrdef {Character Handling-snt}{Chapter'tie4}
'xrdef {Classification of Characters-title}{Classification of Characters}
'xrdef {Classification of Characters-pg}{61}
'xrdef {Classification of Characters-snt}{Section'tie4.1}
'xrdef {Case Conversion-title}{Case Conversion}
'xrdef {Case Conversion-pg}{63}
'xrdef {Case Conversion-snt}{Section'tie4.2}
'xrdef {String and Array Utilities-title}{String and Array Utilities}
'xrdef {String and Array Utilities-pg}{65}
'xrdef {String and Array Utilities-snt}{Chapter'tie5}
'xrdef {Representation of Strings-title}{Representation of Strings}
'xrdef {Representation of Strings-pg}{65}
'xrdef {Representation of Strings-snt}{Section'tie5.1}
'xrdef {String/Array Conventions-title}{String and Array Conventions}
'xrdef {String/Array Conventions-pg}{66}
'xrdef {String/Array Conventions-snt}{Section'tie5.2}
'xrdef {String Length-title}{String Length}
'xrdef {String Length-pg}{67}
'xrdef {String Length-snt}{Section'tie5.3}
'xrdef {Copying and Concatenation-title}{Copying and Concatenation}
'xrdef {Copying and Concatenation-pg}{67}
'xrdef {Copying and Concatenation-snt}{Section'tie5.4}
'xrdef {String/Array Comparison-title}{String/Array Comparison}
'xrdef {String/Array Comparison-pg}{72}
'xrdef {String/Array Comparison-snt}{Section'tie5.5}
'xrdef {Collation Functions-title}{Collation Functions}
'xrdef {Collation Functions-pg}{75}
'xrdef {Collation Functions-snt}{Section'tie5.6}
'xrdef {Search Functions-title}{Search Functions}
'xrdef {Search Functions-pg}{78}
'xrdef {Search Functions-snt}{Section'tie5.7}
'xrdef {Finding Tokens in a String-title}{Finding Tokens in a String}
'xrdef {Finding Tokens in a String-pg}{80}
'xrdef {Finding Tokens in a String-snt}{Section'tie5.8}
'xrdef {I/O Overview-title}{Input/Output Overview}
'xrdef {I/O Overview-pg}{85}
'xrdef {I/O Overview-snt}{Chapter'tie6}
'xrdef {I/O Concepts-title}{Input/Output Concepts}
'xrdef {I/O Concepts-pg}{85}
'xrdef {I/O Concepts-snt}{Section'tie6.1}
'xrdef {Streams and File Descriptors-title}{Streams and File Descriptors}
'xrdef {Streams and File Descriptors-pg}{85}
'xrdef {Streams and File Descriptors-snt}{Section'tie6.1.1}
'xrdef {File Position-title}{File Position}
'xrdef {File Position-pg}{87}
'xrdef {File Position-snt}{Section'tie6.1.2}
'xrdef {File Names-title}{File Names}
'xrdef {File Names-pg}{87}
'xrdef {File Names-snt}{Section'tie6.2}
'xrdef {Directories-title}{Directories}
'xrdef {Directories-pg}{88}
'xrdef {Directories-snt}{Section'tie6.2.1}
'xrdef {File Name Resolution-title}{File Name Resolution}
'xrdef {File Name Resolution-pg}{88}
'xrdef {File Name Resolution-snt}{Section'tie6.2.2}
'xrdef {File Name Errors-title}{File Name Errors}
'xrdef {File Name Errors-pg}{89}
'xrdef {File Name Errors-snt}{Section'tie6.2.3}
'xrdef {File Name Portability-title}{Portability of File Names}
'xrdef {File Name Portability-pg}{90}
'xrdef {File Name Portability-snt}{Section'tie6.2.4}
'xrdef {I/O on Streams-title}{Input/Output on Streams}
'xrdef {I/O on Streams-pg}{93}
'xrdef {I/O on Streams-snt}{Chapter'tie7}
'xrdef {Streams-title}{Streams}
'xrdef {Streams-pg}{93}
'xrdef {Streams-snt}{Section'tie7.1}
'xrdef {Standard Streams-title}{Standard Streams}
'xrdef {Standard Streams-pg}{93}
'xrdef {Standard Streams-snt}{Section'tie7.2}
'xrdef {Opening Streams-title}{Opening Streams}
'xrdef {Opening Streams-pg}{94}
'xrdef {Opening Streams-snt}{Section'tie7.3}
'xrdef {Closing Streams-title}{Closing Streams}
'xrdef {Closing Streams-pg}{96}
'xrdef {Closing Streams-snt}{Section'tie7.4}
'xrdef {Simple Output-title}{Simple Output by Characters or Lines}
'xrdef {Simple Output-pg}{97}
'xrdef {Simple Output-snt}{Section'tie7.5}
'xrdef {Character Input-title}{Character Input}
'xrdef {Character Input-pg}{98}
'xrdef {Character Input-snt}{Section'tie7.6}
'xrdef {Line Input-title}{Line-Oriented Input}
'xrdef {Line Input-pg}{100}
'xrdef {Line Input-snt}{Section'tie7.7}
'xrdef {Unreading-title}{Unreading}
'xrdef {Unreading-pg}{102}
'xrdef {Unreading-snt}{Section'tie7.8}
'xrdef {Unreading Idea-title}{What Unreading Means}
'xrdef {Unreading Idea-pg}{102}
'xrdef {Unreading Idea-snt}{Section'tie7.8.1}
'xrdef {How Unread-title}{Using \code {ungetc} To Do Unreading}
'xrdef {How Unread-pg}{103}
'xrdef {How Unread-snt}{Section'tie7.8.2}
'xrdef {Block Input/Output-title}{Block Input/Output}
'xrdef {Block Input/Output-pg}{104}
'xrdef {Block Input/Output-snt}{Section'tie7.9}
'xrdef {Formatted Output-title}{Formatted Output}
'xrdef {Formatted Output-pg}{105}
'xrdef {Formatted Output-snt}{Section'tie7.10}
'xrdef {Formatted Output Basics-title}{Formatted Output Basics}
'xrdef {Formatted Output Basics-pg}{105}
'xrdef {Formatted Output Basics-snt}{Section'tie7.10.1}
'xrdef {Output Conversion Syntax-title}{Output Conversion Syntax}
'xrdef {Output Conversion Syntax-pg}{106}
'xrdef {Output Conversion Syntax-snt}{Section'tie7.10.2}
'xrdef {Table of Output Conversions-title}{Table of Output Conversions}
'xrdef {Table of Output Conversions-pg}{107}
'xrdef {Table of Output Conversions-snt}{Section'tie7.10.3}
'xrdef {Integer Conversions-title}{Integer Conversions}
'xrdef {Integer Conversions-pg}{108}
'xrdef {Integer Conversions-snt}{Section'tie7.10.4}
'xrdef {Floating-Point Conversions-title}{Floating-Point Conversions}
'xrdef {Floating-Point Conversions-pg}{110}
'xrdef {Floating-Point Conversions-snt}{Section'tie7.10.5}
'xrdef {Other Output Conversions-title}{Other Output Conversions}
'xrdef {Other Output Conversions-pg}{112}
'xrdef {Other Output Conversions-snt}{Section'tie7.10.6}
'xrdef {Formatted Output Functions-title}{Formatted Output Functions}
'xrdef {Formatted Output Functions-pg}{113}
'xrdef {Formatted Output Functions-snt}{Section'tie7.10.7}
'xrdef {Dynamic Output-title}{Dynamically Allocating Formatted Output}
'xrdef {Dynamic Output-pg}{115}
'xrdef {Dynamic Output-snt}{Section'tie7.10.8}
'xrdef {Variable Arguments Output-title}{Variable Arguments Output Functions}
'xrdef {Variable Arguments Output-pg}{115}
'xrdef {Variable Arguments Output-snt}{Section'tie7.10.9}
'xrdef {Parsing a Template String-title}{Parsing a Template String}
'xrdef {Parsing a Template String-pg}{118}
'xrdef {Parsing a Template String-snt}{Section'tie7.10.10}
'xrdef {Example of Parsing-title}{Example of Parsing a Template String}
'xrdef {Example of Parsing-pg}{119}
'xrdef {Example of Parsing-snt}{Section'tie7.10.11}
'xrdef {Customizing Printf-title}{Customizing \code {printf}}
'xrdef {Customizing Printf-pg}{121}
'xrdef {Customizing Printf-snt}{Section'tie7.11}
'xrdef {Registering New Conversions-title}{Registering New Conversions}
'xrdef {Registering New Conversions-pg}{121}
'xrdef {Registering New Conversions-snt}{Section'tie7.11.1}
'xrdef {Conversion Specifier Options-title}{Conversion Specifier Options}
'xrdef {Conversion Specifier Options-pg}{122}
'xrdef {Conversion Specifier Options-snt}{Section'tie7.11.2}
'xrdef {Defining the Output Handler-title}{Defining the Output Handler}
'xrdef {Defining the Output Handler-pg}{124}
'xrdef {Defining the Output Handler-snt}{Section'tie7.11.3}
'xrdef {Printf Extension Example-title}{\code {printf} Extension Example}
'xrdef {Printf Extension Example-pg}{125}
'xrdef {Printf Extension Example-snt}{Section'tie7.11.4}
'xrdef {Formatted Input-title}{Formatted Input}
'xrdef {Formatted Input-pg}{126}
'xrdef {Formatted Input-snt}{Section'tie7.12}
'xrdef {Formatted Input Basics-title}{Formatted Input Basics}
'xrdef {Formatted Input Basics-pg}{127}
'xrdef {Formatted Input Basics-snt}{Section'tie7.12.1}
'xrdef {Input Conversion Syntax-title}{Input Conversion Syntax}
'xrdef {Input Conversion Syntax-pg}{128}
'xrdef {Input Conversion Syntax-snt}{Section'tie7.12.2}
'xrdef {Table of Input Conversions-title}{Table of Input Conversions}
'xrdef {Table of Input Conversions-pg}{129}
'xrdef {Table of Input Conversions-snt}{Section'tie7.12.3}
'xrdef {Numeric Input Conversions-title}{Numeric Input Conversions}
'xrdef {Numeric Input Conversions-pg}{130}
'xrdef {Numeric Input Conversions-snt}{Section'tie7.12.4}
'xrdef {String Input Conversions-title}{String Input Conversions}
'xrdef {String Input Conversions-pg}{131}
'xrdef {String Input Conversions-snt}{Section'tie7.12.5}
'xrdef {Dynamic String Input-title}{Dynamically Allocating String Conversions}
'xrdef {Dynamic String Input-pg}{133}
'xrdef {Dynamic String Input-snt}{Section'tie7.12.6}
'xrdef {Other Input Conversions-title}{Other Input Conversions}
'xrdef {Other Input Conversions-pg}{133}
'xrdef {Other Input Conversions-snt}{Section'tie7.12.7}
'xrdef {Formatted Input Functions-title}{Formatted Input Functions}
'xrdef {Formatted Input Functions-pg}{134}
'xrdef {Formatted Input Functions-snt}{Section'tie7.12.8}
'xrdef {Variable Arguments Input-title}{Variable Arguments Input Functions}
'xrdef {Variable Arguments Input-pg}{135}
'xrdef {Variable Arguments Input-snt}{Section'tie7.12.9}
'xrdef {EOF and Errors-title}{End-Of-File and Errors}
'xrdef {EOF and Errors-pg}{135}
'xrdef {EOF and Errors-snt}{Section'tie7.13}
'xrdef {Binary Streams-title}{Text and Binary Streams}
'xrdef {Binary Streams-pg}{136}
'xrdef {Binary Streams-snt}{Section'tie7.14}
'xrdef {File Positioning-title}{File Positioning}
'xrdef {File Positioning-pg}{137}
'xrdef {File Positioning-snt}{Section'tie7.15}
'xrdef {Portable Positioning-title}{Portable File-Position Functions}
'xrdef {Portable Positioning-pg}{139}
'xrdef {Portable Positioning-snt}{Section'tie7.16}
'xrdef {Stream Buffering-title}{Stream Buffering}
'xrdef {Stream Buffering-pg}{140}
'xrdef {Stream Buffering-snt}{Section'tie7.17}
'xrdef {Buffering Concepts-title}{Buffering Concepts}
'xrdef {Buffering Concepts-pg}{140}
'xrdef {Buffering Concepts-snt}{Section'tie7.17.1}
'xrdef {Flushing Buffers-title}{Flushing Buffers}
'xrdef {Flushing Buffers-pg}{141}
'xrdef {Flushing Buffers-snt}{Section'tie7.17.2}
'xrdef {Controlling Buffering-title}{Controlling Which Kind of Buffering}
'xrdef {Controlling Buffering-pg}{142}
'xrdef {Controlling Buffering-snt}{Section'tie7.17.3}
'xrdef {Other Kinds of Streams-title}{Other Kinds of Streams}
'xrdef {Other Kinds of Streams-pg}{144}
'xrdef {Other Kinds of Streams-snt}{Section'tie7.18}
'xrdef {String Streams-title}{String Streams}
'xrdef {String Streams-pg}{144}
'xrdef {String Streams-snt}{Section'tie7.18.1}
'xrdef {Obstack Streams-title}{Obstack Streams}
'xrdef {Obstack Streams-pg}{146}
'xrdef {Obstack Streams-snt}{Section'tie7.18.2}
'xrdef {Custom Streams-title}{Programming Your Own Custom Streams}
'xrdef {Custom Streams-pg}{147}
'xrdef {Custom Streams-snt}{Section'tie7.18.3}
'xrdef {Streams and Cookies-title}{Custom Streams and Cookies}
'xrdef {Streams and Cookies-pg}{147}
'xrdef {Streams and Cookies-snt}{Section'tie7.18.3.1}
'xrdef {Hook Functions-title}{Custom Stream Hook Functions}
'xrdef {Hook Functions-pg}{149}
'xrdef {Hook Functions-snt}{Section'tie7.18.3.2}
'xrdef {Low-Level I/O-title}{Low-Level Input/Output}
'xrdef {Low-Level I/O-pg}{151}
'xrdef {Low-Level I/O-snt}{Chapter'tie8}
'xrdef {Opening and Closing Files-title}{Opening and Closing Files}
'xrdef {Opening and Closing Files-pg}{151}
'xrdef {Opening and Closing Files-snt}{Section'tie8.1}
'xrdef {I/O Primitives-title}{Input and Output Primitives}
'xrdef {I/O Primitives-pg}{153}
'xrdef {I/O Primitives-snt}{Section'tie8.2}
'xrdef {File Position Primitive-title}{Setting the File Position of a Descriptor}
'xrdef {File Position Primitive-pg}{156}
'xrdef {File Position Primitive-snt}{Section'tie8.3}
'xrdef {Descriptors and Streams-title}{Descriptors and Streams}
'xrdef {Descriptors and Streams-pg}{159}
'xrdef {Descriptors and Streams-snt}{Section'tie8.4}
'xrdef {Stream/Descriptor Precautions-title}{Dangers of Mixing Streams and Descriptors}
'xrdef {Stream/Descriptor Precautions-pg}{160}
'xrdef {Stream/Descriptor Precautions-snt}{Section'tie8.5}
'xrdef {Linked Channels-title}{Linked Channels}
'xrdef {Linked Channels-pg}{160}
'xrdef {Linked Channels-snt}{Section'tie8.5.1}
'xrdef {Independent Channels-title}{Independent Channels}
'xrdef {Independent Channels-pg}{160}
'xrdef {Independent Channels-snt}{Section'tie8.5.2}
'xrdef {Cleaning Streams-title}{Cleaning Streams}
'xrdef {Cleaning Streams-pg}{161}
'xrdef {Cleaning Streams-snt}{Section'tie8.5.3}
'xrdef {Waiting for I/O-title}{Waiting for Input or Output}
'xrdef {Waiting for I/O-pg}{162}
'xrdef {Waiting for I/O-snt}{Section'tie8.6}
'xrdef {Control Operations-title}{Control Operations on Files}
'xrdef {Control Operations-pg}{165}
'xrdef {Control Operations-snt}{Section'tie8.7}
'xrdef {Duplicating Descriptors-title}{Duplicating Descriptors}
'xrdef {Duplicating Descriptors-pg}{166}
'xrdef {Duplicating Descriptors-snt}{Section'tie8.8}
'xrdef {Descriptor Flags-title}{File Descriptor Flags}
'xrdef {Descriptor Flags-pg}{168}
'xrdef {Descriptor Flags-snt}{Section'tie8.9}
'xrdef {File Status Flags-title}{File Status Flags}
'xrdef {File Status Flags-pg}{170}
'xrdef {File Status Flags-snt}{Section'tie8.10}
'xrdef {Access Modes-title}{File Access Modes}
'xrdef {Access Modes-pg}{170}
'xrdef {Access Modes-snt}{Section'tie8.10.1}
'xrdef {Open-time Flags-title}{Open-time Flags}
'xrdef {Open-time Flags-pg}{171}
'xrdef {Open-time Flags-snt}{Section'tie8.10.2}
'xrdef {Operating Modes-title}{I/O Operating Modes}
'xrdef {Operating Modes-pg}{173}
'xrdef {Operating Modes-snt}{Section'tie8.10.3}
'xrdef {Getting File Status Flags-title}{Getting and Setting File Status Flags}
'xrdef {Getting File Status Flags-pg}{174}
'xrdef {Getting File Status Flags-snt}{Section'tie8.10.4}
'xrdef {File Locks-title}{File Locks}
'xrdef {File Locks-pg}{175}
'xrdef {File Locks-snt}{Section'tie8.11}
'xrdef {Interrupt Input-title}{Interrupt-Driven Input}
'xrdef {Interrupt Input-pg}{179}
'xrdef {Interrupt Input-snt}{Section'tie8.12}
'xrdef {File System Interface-title}{File System Interface}
'xrdef {File System Interface-pg}{181}
'xrdef {File System Interface-snt}{Chapter'tie9}
'xrdef {Working Directory-title}{Working Directory}
'xrdef {Working Directory-pg}{181}
'xrdef {Working Directory-snt}{Section'tie9.1}
'xrdef {Accessing Directories-title}{Accessing Directories}
'xrdef {Accessing Directories-pg}{183}
'xrdef {Accessing Directories-snt}{Section'tie9.2}
'xrdef {Directory Entries-title}{Format of a Directory Entry}
'xrdef {Directory Entries-pg}{183}
'xrdef {Directory Entries-snt}{Section'tie9.2.1}
'xrdef {Opening a Directory-title}{Opening a Directory Stream}
'xrdef {Opening a Directory-pg}{184}
'xrdef {Opening a Directory-snt}{Section'tie9.2.2}
'xrdef {Reading/Closing Directory-title}{Reading and Closing a Directory Stream}
'xrdef {Reading/Closing Directory-pg}{185}
'xrdef {Reading/Closing Directory-snt}{Section'tie9.2.3}
'xrdef {Simple Directory Lister-title}{Simple Program to List a Directory}
'xrdef {Simple Directory Lister-pg}{186}
'xrdef {Simple Directory Lister-snt}{Section'tie9.2.4}
'xrdef {Random Access Directory-title}{Random Access in a Directory Stream}
'xrdef {Random Access Directory-pg}{187}
'xrdef {Random Access Directory-snt}{Section'tie9.2.5}
'xrdef {Scanning Directory Content-title}{Scanning the Content of a Directory}
'xrdef {Scanning Directory Content-pg}{187}
'xrdef {Scanning Directory Content-snt}{Section'tie9.2.6}
'xrdef {Simple Directory Lister Mark II-title}{Simple Program to List a Directory, Mark II}
'xrdef {Simple Directory Lister Mark II-pg}{188}
'xrdef {Simple Directory Lister Mark II-snt}{Section'tie9.2.7}
'xrdef {Hard Links-title}{Hard Links}
'xrdef {Hard Links-pg}{189}
'xrdef {Hard Links-snt}{Section'tie9.3}
'xrdef {Symbolic Links-title}{Symbolic Links}
'xrdef {Symbolic Links-pg}{190}
'xrdef {Symbolic Links-snt}{Section'tie9.4}
'xrdef {Deleting Files-title}{Deleting Files}
'xrdef {Deleting Files-pg}{192}
'xrdef {Deleting Files-snt}{Section'tie9.5}
'xrdef {Renaming Files-title}{Renaming Files}
'xrdef {Renaming Files-pg}{193}
'xrdef {Renaming Files-snt}{Section'tie9.6}
'xrdef {Creating Directories-title}{Creating Directories}
'xrdef {Creating Directories-pg}{194}
'xrdef {Creating Directories-snt}{Section'tie9.7}
'xrdef {File Attributes-title}{File Attributes}
'xrdef {File Attributes-pg}{195}
'xrdef {File Attributes-snt}{Section'tie9.8}
'xrdef {Attribute Meanings-title}{What the File Attribute Values Mean}
'xrdef {Attribute Meanings-pg}{195}
'xrdef {Attribute Meanings-snt}{Section'tie9.8.1}
'xrdef {Reading Attributes-title}{Reading the Attributes of a File}
'xrdef {Reading Attributes-pg}{198}
'xrdef {Reading Attributes-snt}{Section'tie9.8.2}
'xrdef {Testing File Type-title}{Testing the Type of a File}
'xrdef {Testing File Type-pg}{199}
'xrdef {Testing File Type-snt}{Section'tie9.8.3}
'xrdef {File Owner-title}{File Owner}
'xrdef {File Owner-pg}{200}
'xrdef {File Owner-snt}{Section'tie9.8.4}
'xrdef {Permission Bits-title}{The Mode Bits for Access Permission}
'xrdef {Permission Bits-pg}{202}
'xrdef {Permission Bits-snt}{Section'tie9.8.5}
'xrdef {Access Permission-title}{How Your Access to a File is Decided}
'xrdef {Access Permission-pg}{204}
'xrdef {Access Permission-snt}{Section'tie9.8.6}
'xrdef {Setting Permissions-title}{Assigning File Permissions}
'xrdef {Setting Permissions-pg}{204}
'xrdef {Setting Permissions-snt}{Section'tie9.8.7}
'xrdef {Testing File Access-title}{Testing Permission to Access a File}
'xrdef {Testing File Access-pg}{206}
'xrdef {Testing File Access-snt}{Section'tie9.8.8}
'xrdef {File Times-title}{File Times}
'xrdef {File Times-pg}{208}
'xrdef {File Times-snt}{Section'tie9.8.9}
'xrdef {Making Special Files-title}{Making Special Files}
'xrdef {Making Special Files-pg}{210}
'xrdef {Making Special Files-snt}{Section'tie9.9}
'xrdef {Temporary Files-title}{Temporary Files}
'xrdef {Temporary Files-pg}{210}
'xrdef {Temporary Files-snt}{Section'tie9.10}
'xrdef {Pipes and FIFOs-title}{Pipes and FIFOs}
'xrdef {Pipes and FIFOs-pg}{215}
'xrdef {Pipes and FIFOs-snt}{Chapter'tie10}
'xrdef {Creating a Pipe-title}{Creating a Pipe}
'xrdef {Creating a Pipe-pg}{215}
'xrdef {Creating a Pipe-snt}{Section'tie10.1}
'xrdef {Pipe to a Subprocess-title}{Pipe to a Subprocess}
'xrdef {Pipe to a Subprocess-pg}{217}
'xrdef {Pipe to a Subprocess-snt}{Section'tie10.2}
'xrdef {FIFO Special Files-title}{FIFO Special Files}
'xrdef {FIFO Special Files-pg}{219}
'xrdef {FIFO Special Files-snt}{Section'tie10.3}
'xrdef {Pipe Atomicity-title}{Atomicity of Pipe I/O}
'xrdef {Pipe Atomicity-pg}{220}
'xrdef {Pipe Atomicity-snt}{Section'tie10.4}
'xrdef {Sockets-title}{Sockets}
'xrdef {Sockets-pg}{221}
'xrdef {Sockets-snt}{Chapter'tie11}
'xrdef {Socket Concepts-title}{Socket Concepts}
'xrdef {Socket Concepts-pg}{221}
'xrdef {Socket Concepts-snt}{Section'tie11.1}
'xrdef {Communication Styles-title}{Communication Styles}
'xrdef {Communication Styles-pg}{222}
'xrdef {Communication Styles-snt}{Section'tie11.2}
'xrdef {Socket Addresses-title}{Socket Addresses}
'xrdef {Socket Addresses-pg}{223}
'xrdef {Socket Addresses-snt}{Section'tie11.3}
'xrdef {Address Formats-title}{Address Formats}
'xrdef {Address Formats-pg}{224}
'xrdef {Address Formats-snt}{Section'tie11.3.1}
'xrdef {Setting Address-title}{Setting the Address of a Socket}
'xrdef {Setting Address-pg}{225}
'xrdef {Setting Address-snt}{Section'tie11.3.2}
'xrdef {Reading Address-title}{Reading the Address of a Socket}
'xrdef {Reading Address-pg}{226}
'xrdef {Reading Address-snt}{Section'tie11.3.3}
'xrdef {File Namespace-title}{The File Namespace}
'xrdef {File Namespace-pg}{227}
'xrdef {File Namespace-snt}{Section'tie11.4}
'xrdef {File Namespace Concepts-title}{File Namespace Concepts}
'xrdef {File Namespace Concepts-pg}{227}
'xrdef {File Namespace Concepts-snt}{Section'tie11.4.1}
'xrdef {File Namespace Details-title}{Details of File Namespace}
'xrdef {File Namespace Details-pg}{227}
'xrdef {File Namespace Details-snt}{Section'tie11.4.2}
'xrdef {File Socket Example-title}{Example of File-Namespace Sockets}
'xrdef {File Socket Example-pg}{228}
'xrdef {File Socket Example-snt}{Section'tie11.4.3}
'xrdef {Internet Namespace-title}{The Internet Namespace}
'xrdef {Internet Namespace-pg}{229}
'xrdef {Internet Namespace-snt}{Section'tie11.5}
'xrdef {Internet Address Formats-title}{Internet Socket Address Formats}
'xrdef {Internet Address Formats-pg}{230}
'xrdef {Internet Address Formats-snt}{Section'tie11.5.1}
'xrdef {Host Addresses-title}{Host Addresses}
'xrdef {Host Addresses-pg}{231}
'xrdef {Host Addresses-snt}{Section'tie11.5.2}
'xrdef {Abstract Host Addresses-title}{Internet Host Addresses}
'xrdef {Abstract Host Addresses-pg}{231}
'xrdef {Abstract Host Addresses-snt}{Section'tie11.5.2.1}
'xrdef {Host Address Data Type-title}{Host Address Data Type}
'xrdef {Host Address Data Type-pg}{232}
'xrdef {Host Address Data Type-snt}{Section'tie11.5.2.2}
'xrdef {Host Address Functions-title}{Host Address Functions}
'xrdef {Host Address Functions-pg}{233}
'xrdef {Host Address Functions-snt}{Section'tie11.5.2.3}
'xrdef {Host Names-title}{Host Names}
'xrdef {Host Names-pg}{235}
'xrdef {Host Names-snt}{Section'tie11.5.2.4}
'xrdef {Ports-title}{Internet Ports}
'xrdef {Ports-pg}{237}
'xrdef {Ports-snt}{Section'tie11.5.3}
'xrdef {Services Database-title}{The Services Database}
'xrdef {Services Database-pg}{238}
'xrdef {Services Database-snt}{Section'tie11.5.4}
'xrdef {Byte Order-title}{Byte Order Conversion}
'xrdef {Byte Order-pg}{239}
'xrdef {Byte Order-snt}{Section'tie11.5.5}
'xrdef {Protocols Database-title}{Protocols Database}
'xrdef {Protocols Database-pg}{240}
'xrdef {Protocols Database-snt}{Section'tie11.5.6}
'xrdef {Inet Example-title}{Internet Socket Example}
'xrdef {Inet Example-pg}{242}
'xrdef {Inet Example-snt}{Section'tie11.5.7}
'xrdef {Misc Namespaces-title}{Other Namespaces}
'xrdef {Misc Namespaces-pg}{243}
'xrdef {Misc Namespaces-snt}{Section'tie11.6}
'xrdef {Open/Close Sockets-title}{Opening and Closing Sockets}
'xrdef {Open/Close Sockets-pg}{244}
'xrdef {Open/Close Sockets-snt}{Section'tie11.7}
'xrdef {Creating a Socket-title}{Creating a Socket}
'xrdef {Creating a Socket-pg}{244}
'xrdef {Creating a Socket-snt}{Section'tie11.7.1}
'xrdef {Closing a Socket-title}{Closing a Socket}
'xrdef {Closing a Socket-pg}{244}
'xrdef {Closing a Socket-snt}{Section'tie11.7.2}
'xrdef {Socket Pairs-title}{Socket Pairs}
'xrdef {Socket Pairs-pg}{245}
'xrdef {Socket Pairs-snt}{Section'tie11.7.3}
'xrdef {Connections-title}{Using Sockets with Connections}
'xrdef {Connections-pg}{246}
'xrdef {Connections-snt}{Section'tie11.8}
'xrdef {Connecting-title}{Making a Connection}
'xrdef {Connecting-pg}{246}
'xrdef {Connecting-snt}{Section'tie11.8.1}
'xrdef {Listening-title}{Listening for Connections}
'xrdef {Listening-pg}{248}
'xrdef {Listening-snt}{Section'tie11.8.2}
'xrdef {Accepting Connections-title}{Accepting Connections}
'xrdef {Accepting Connections-pg}{248}
'xrdef {Accepting Connections-snt}{Section'tie11.8.3}
'xrdef {Who is Connected-title}{Who is Connected to Me?}
'xrdef {Who is Connected-pg}{250}
'xrdef {Who is Connected-snt}{Section'tie11.8.4}
'xrdef {Transferring Data-title}{Transferring Data}
'xrdef {Transferring Data-pg}{250}
'xrdef {Transferring Data-snt}{Section'tie11.8.5}
'xrdef {Sending Data-title}{Sending Data}
'xrdef {Sending Data-pg}{250}
'xrdef {Sending Data-snt}{Section'tie11.8.5.1}
'xrdef {Receiving Data-title}{Receiving Data}
'xrdef {Receiving Data-pg}{251}
'xrdef {Receiving Data-snt}{Section'tie11.8.5.2}
'xrdef {Socket Data Options-title}{Socket Data Options}
'xrdef {Socket Data Options-pg}{252}
'xrdef {Socket Data Options-snt}{Section'tie11.8.5.3}
'xrdef {Byte Stream Example-title}{Byte Stream Socket Example}
'xrdef {Byte Stream Example-pg}{252}
'xrdef {Byte Stream Example-snt}{Section'tie11.8.6}
'xrdef {Server Example-title}{Byte Stream Connection Server Example}
'xrdef {Server Example-pg}{254}
'xrdef {Server Example-snt}{Section'tie11.8.7}
'xrdef {Out-of-Band Data-title}{Out-of-Band Data}
'xrdef {Out-of-Band Data-pg}{257}
'xrdef {Out-of-Band Data-snt}{Section'tie11.8.8}
'xrdef {Datagrams-title}{Datagram Socket Operations}
'xrdef {Datagrams-pg}{260}
'xrdef {Datagrams-snt}{Section'tie11.9}
'xrdef {Sending Datagrams-title}{Sending Datagrams}
'xrdef {Sending Datagrams-pg}{260}
'xrdef {Sending Datagrams-snt}{Section'tie11.9.1}
'xrdef {Receiving Datagrams-title}{Receiving Datagrams}
'xrdef {Receiving Datagrams-pg}{261}
'xrdef {Receiving Datagrams-snt}{Section'tie11.9.2}
'xrdef {Datagram Example-title}{Datagram Socket Example}
'xrdef {Datagram Example-pg}{262}
'xrdef {Datagram Example-snt}{Section'tie11.9.3}
'xrdef {Example Receiver-title}{Example of Reading Datagrams}
'xrdef {Example Receiver-pg}{263}
'xrdef {Example Receiver-snt}{Section'tie11.9.4}
'xrdef {Inetd-title}{The \code {inetd} Daemon}
'xrdef {Inetd-pg}{264}
'xrdef {Inetd-snt}{Section'tie11.10}
'xrdef {Inetd Servers-title}{\code {inetd} Servers}
'xrdef {Inetd Servers-pg}{265}
'xrdef {Inetd Servers-snt}{Section'tie11.10.1}
'xrdef {Configuring Inetd-title}{Configuring \code {inetd}}
'xrdef {Configuring Inetd-pg}{265}
'xrdef {Configuring Inetd-snt}{Section'tie11.10.2}
'xrdef {Socket Options-title}{Socket Options}
'xrdef {Socket Options-pg}{266}
'xrdef {Socket Options-snt}{Section'tie11.11}
'xrdef {Socket Option Functions-title}{Socket Option Functions}
'xrdef {Socket Option Functions-pg}{266}
'xrdef {Socket Option Functions-snt}{Section'tie11.11.1}
'xrdef {Socket-Level Options-title}{Socket-Level Options}
'xrdef {Socket-Level Options-pg}{267}
'xrdef {Socket-Level Options-snt}{Section'tie11.11.2}
'xrdef {Networks Database-title}{Networks Database}
'xrdef {Networks Database-pg}{269}
'xrdef {Networks Database-snt}{Section'tie11.12}
'xrdef {Low-Level Terminal Interface-title}{Low-Level Terminal Interface}
'xrdef {Low-Level Terminal Interface-pg}{271}
'xrdef {Low-Level Terminal Interface-snt}{Chapter'tie12}
'xrdef {Is It a Terminal-title}{Identifying Terminals}
'xrdef {Is It a Terminal-pg}{271}
'xrdef {Is It a Terminal-snt}{Section'tie12.1}
'xrdef {I/O Queues-title}{I/O Queues}
'xrdef {I/O Queues-pg}{271}
'xrdef {I/O Queues-snt}{Section'tie12.2}
'xrdef {Canonical or Not-title}{Two Styles of Input: Canonical or Not}
'xrdef {Canonical or Not-pg}{272}
'xrdef {Canonical or Not-snt}{Section'tie12.3}
'xrdef {Terminal Modes-title}{Terminal Modes}
'xrdef {Terminal Modes-pg}{273}
'xrdef {Terminal Modes-snt}{Section'tie12.4}
'xrdef {Mode Data Types-title}{Terminal Mode Data Types}
'xrdef {Mode Data Types-pg}{273}
'xrdef {Mode Data Types-snt}{Section'tie12.4.1}
'xrdef {Mode Functions-title}{Terminal Mode Functions}
'xrdef {Mode Functions-pg}{274}
'xrdef {Mode Functions-snt}{Section'tie12.4.2}
'xrdef {Setting Modes-title}{Setting Terminal Modes Properly}
'xrdef {Setting Modes-pg}{276}
'xrdef {Setting Modes-snt}{Section'tie12.4.3}
'xrdef {Input Modes-title}{Input Modes}
'xrdef {Input Modes-pg}{277}
'xrdef {Input Modes-snt}{Section'tie12.4.4}
'xrdef {Output Modes-title}{Output Modes}
'xrdef {Output Modes-pg}{279}
'xrdef {Output Modes-snt}{Section'tie12.4.5}
'xrdef {Control Modes-title}{Control Modes}
'xrdef {Control Modes-pg}{279}
'xrdef {Control Modes-snt}{Section'tie12.4.6}
'xrdef {Local Modes-title}{Local Modes}
'xrdef {Local Modes-pg}{281}
'xrdef {Local Modes-snt}{Section'tie12.4.7}
'xrdef {Line Speed-title}{Line Speed}
'xrdef {Line Speed-pg}{284}
'xrdef {Line Speed-snt}{Section'tie12.4.8}
'xrdef {Special Characters-title}{Special Characters}
'xrdef {Special Characters-pg}{286}
'xrdef {Special Characters-snt}{Section'tie12.4.9}
'xrdef {Editing Characters-title}{Characters for Input Editing}
'xrdef {Editing Characters-pg}{286}
'xrdef {Editing Characters-snt}{Section'tie12.4.9.1}
'xrdef {Signal Characters-title}{Characters that Cause Signals}
'xrdef {Signal Characters-pg}{288}
'xrdef {Signal Characters-snt}{Section'tie12.4.9.2}
'xrdef {Start/Stop Characters-title}{Special Characters for Flow Control}
'xrdef {Start/Stop Characters-pg}{289}
'xrdef {Start/Stop Characters-snt}{Section'tie12.4.9.3}
'xrdef {Other Special-title}{Other Special Characters}
'xrdef {Other Special-pg}{290}
'xrdef {Other Special-snt}{Section'tie12.4.9.4}
'xrdef {Noncanonical Input-title}{Noncanonical Input}
'xrdef {Noncanonical Input-pg}{291}
'xrdef {Noncanonical Input-snt}{Section'tie12.4.10}
'xrdef {Line Control-title}{Line Control Functions}
'xrdef {Line Control-pg}{293}
'xrdef {Line Control-snt}{Section'tie12.5}
'xrdef {Noncanon Example-title}{Noncanonical Mode Example}
'xrdef {Noncanon Example-pg}{295}
'xrdef {Noncanon Example-snt}{Section'tie12.6}
'xrdef {Mathematics-title}{Mathematics}
'xrdef {Mathematics-pg}{297}
'xrdef {Mathematics-snt}{Chapter'tie13}
'xrdef {Domain and Range Errors-title}{Domain and Range Errors}
'xrdef {Domain and Range Errors-pg}{297}
'xrdef {Domain and Range Errors-snt}{Section'tie13.1}
'xrdef {Trig Functions-title}{Trigonometric Functions}
'xrdef {Trig Functions-pg}{298}
'xrdef {Trig Functions-snt}{Section'tie13.2}
'xrdef {Inverse Trig Functions-title}{Inverse Trigonometric Functions}
'xrdef {Inverse Trig Functions-pg}{299}
'xrdef {Inverse Trig Functions-snt}{Section'tie13.3}
'xrdef {Exponents and Logarithms-title}{Exponentiation and Logarithms}
'xrdef {Exponents and Logarithms-pg}{300}
'xrdef {Exponents and Logarithms-snt}{Section'tie13.4}
'xrdef {Hyperbolic Functions-title}{Hyperbolic Functions}
'xrdef {Hyperbolic Functions-pg}{301}
'xrdef {Hyperbolic Functions-snt}{Section'tie13.5}
'xrdef {Pseudo-Random Numbers-title}{Pseudo-Random Numbers}
'xrdef {Pseudo-Random Numbers-pg}{302}
'xrdef {Pseudo-Random Numbers-snt}{Section'tie13.6}
'xrdef {ISO Random-title}{ISO C Random Number Functions}
'xrdef {ISO Random-pg}{302}
'xrdef {ISO Random-snt}{Section'tie13.6.1}
'xrdef {BSD Random-title}{BSD Random Number Functions}
'xrdef {BSD Random-pg}{303}
'xrdef {BSD Random-snt}{Section'tie13.6.2}
'xrdef {Arithmetic-title}{Low-Level Arithmetic Functions}
'xrdef {Arithmetic-pg}{305}
'xrdef {Arithmetic-snt}{Chapter'tie14}
'xrdef {Not a Number-title}{``Not a Number'' Values}
'xrdef {Not a Number-pg}{305}
'xrdef {Not a Number-snt}{Section'tie14.1}
'xrdef {Predicates on Floats-title}{Predicates on Floats}
'xrdef {Predicates on Floats-pg}{305}
'xrdef {Predicates on Floats-snt}{Section'tie14.2}
'xrdef {Absolute Value-title}{Absolute Value}
'xrdef {Absolute Value-pg}{306}
'xrdef {Absolute Value-snt}{Section'tie14.3}
'xrdef {Normalization Functions-title}{Normalization Functions}
'xrdef {Normalization Functions-pg}{307}
'xrdef {Normalization Functions-snt}{Section'tie14.4}
'xrdef {Rounding and Remainders-title}{Rounding and Remainder Functions}
'xrdef {Rounding and Remainders-pg}{308}
'xrdef {Rounding and Remainders-snt}{Section'tie14.5}
'xrdef {Integer Division-title}{Integer Division}
'xrdef {Integer Division-pg}{309}
'xrdef {Integer Division-snt}{Section'tie14.6}
'xrdef {Parsing of Numbers-title}{Parsing of Numbers}
'xrdef {Parsing of Numbers-pg}{310}
'xrdef {Parsing of Numbers-snt}{Section'tie14.7}
'xrdef {Parsing of Integers-title}{Parsing of Integers}
'xrdef {Parsing of Integers-pg}{310}
'xrdef {Parsing of Integers-snt}{Section'tie14.7.1}
'xrdef {Parsing of Floats-title}{Parsing of Floats}
'xrdef {Parsing of Floats-pg}{314}
'xrdef {Parsing of Floats-snt}{Section'tie14.7.2}
'xrdef {Searching and Sorting-title}{Searching and Sorting}
'xrdef {Searching and Sorting-pg}{317}
'xrdef {Searching and Sorting-snt}{Chapter'tie15}
'xrdef {Comparison Functions-title}{Defining the Comparison Function}
'xrdef {Comparison Functions-pg}{317}
'xrdef {Comparison Functions-snt}{Section'tie15.1}
'xrdef {Array Search Function-title}{Array Search Function}
'xrdef {Array Search Function-pg}{317}
'xrdef {Array Search Function-snt}{Section'tie15.2}
'xrdef {Array Sort Function-title}{Array Sort Function}
'xrdef {Array Sort Function-pg}{318}
'xrdef {Array Sort Function-snt}{Section'tie15.3}
'xrdef {Search/Sort Example-title}{Searching and Sorting Example}
'xrdef {Search/Sort Example-pg}{319}
'xrdef {Search/Sort Example-snt}{Section'tie15.4}
'xrdef {Pattern Matching-title}{Pattern Matching}
'xrdef {Pattern Matching-pg}{323}
'xrdef {Pattern Matching-snt}{Chapter'tie16}
'xrdef {Wildcard Matching-title}{Wildcard Matching}
'xrdef {Wildcard Matching-pg}{323}
'xrdef {Wildcard Matching-snt}{Section'tie16.1}
'xrdef {Globbing-title}{Globbing}
'xrdef {Globbing-pg}{324}
'xrdef {Globbing-snt}{Section'tie16.2}
'xrdef {Calling Glob-title}{Calling \code {glob}}
'xrdef {Calling Glob-pg}{324}
'xrdef {Calling Glob-snt}{Section'tie16.2.1}
'xrdef {Flags for Globbing-title}{Flags for Globbing}
'xrdef {Flags for Globbing-pg}{326}
'xrdef {Flags for Globbing-snt}{Section'tie16.2.2}
'xrdef {Regular Expressions-title}{Regular Expression Matching}
'xrdef {Regular Expressions-pg}{327}
'xrdef {Regular Expressions-snt}{Section'tie16.3}
'xrdef {POSIX Regexp Compilation-title}{POSIX Regular Expression Compilation}
'xrdef {POSIX Regexp Compilation-pg}{327}
'xrdef {POSIX Regexp Compilation-snt}{Section'tie16.3.1}
'xrdef {Flags for POSIX Regexps-title}{Flags for POSIX Regular Expressions}
'xrdef {Flags for POSIX Regexps-pg}{329}
'xrdef {Flags for POSIX Regexps-snt}{Section'tie16.3.2}
'xrdef {Matching POSIX Regexps-title}{Matching a Compiled POSIX Regular Expression}
'xrdef {Matching POSIX Regexps-pg}{330}
'xrdef {Matching POSIX Regexps-snt}{Section'tie16.3.3}
'xrdef {Regexp Subexpressions-title}{Match Results with Subexpressions}
'xrdef {Regexp Subexpressions-pg}{331}
'xrdef {Regexp Subexpressions-snt}{Section'tie16.3.4}
'xrdef {Subexpression Complications-title}{Complications in Subexpression Matching}
'xrdef {Subexpression Complications-pg}{332}
'xrdef {Subexpression Complications-snt}{Section'tie16.3.5}
'xrdef {Regexp Cleanup-title}{POSIX Regexp Matching Cleanup}
'xrdef {Regexp Cleanup-pg}{332}
'xrdef {Regexp Cleanup-snt}{Section'tie16.3.6}
'xrdef {Word Expansion-title}{Shell-Style Word Expansion}
'xrdef {Word Expansion-pg}{333}
'xrdef {Word Expansion-snt}{Section'tie16.4}
'xrdef {Expansion Stages-title}{The Stages of Word Expansion}
'xrdef {Expansion Stages-pg}{334}
'xrdef {Expansion Stages-snt}{Section'tie16.4.1}
'xrdef {Calling Wordexp-title}{Calling \code {wordexp}}
'xrdef {Calling Wordexp-pg}{334}
'xrdef {Calling Wordexp-snt}{Section'tie16.4.2}
'xrdef {Flags for Wordexp-title}{Flags for Word Expansion}
'xrdef {Flags for Wordexp-pg}{336}
'xrdef {Flags for Wordexp-snt}{Section'tie16.4.3}
'xrdef {Wordexp Example-title}{\code {wordexp} Example}
'xrdef {Wordexp Example-pg}{337}
'xrdef {Wordexp Example-snt}{Section'tie16.4.4}
'xrdef {Date and Time-title}{Date and Time}
'xrdef {Date and Time-pg}{339}
'xrdef {Date and Time-snt}{Chapter'tie17}
'xrdef {Processor Time-title}{Processor Time}
'xrdef {Processor Time-pg}{339}
'xrdef {Processor Time-snt}{Section'tie17.1}
'xrdef {Basic CPU Time-title}{Basic CPU Time Inquiry}
'xrdef {Basic CPU Time-pg}{339}
'xrdef {Basic CPU Time-snt}{Section'tie17.1.1}
'xrdef {Detailed CPU Time-title}{Detailed Elapsed CPU Time Inquiry}
'xrdef {Detailed CPU Time-pg}{340}
'xrdef {Detailed CPU Time-snt}{Section'tie17.1.2}
'xrdef {Calendar Time-title}{Calendar Time}
'xrdef {Calendar Time-pg}{341}
'xrdef {Calendar Time-snt}{Section'tie17.2}
'xrdef {Simple Calendar Time-title}{Simple Calendar Time}
'xrdef {Simple Calendar Time-pg}{342}
'xrdef {Simple Calendar Time-snt}{Section'tie17.2.1}
'xrdef {High-Resolution Calendar-title}{High-Resolution Calendar}
'xrdef {High-Resolution Calendar-pg}{342}
'xrdef {High-Resolution Calendar-snt}{Section'tie17.2.2}
'xrdef {Broken-down Time-title}{Broken-down Time}
'xrdef {Broken-down Time-pg}{345}
'xrdef {Broken-down Time-snt}{Section'tie17.2.3}
'xrdef {Formatting Date and Time-title}{Formatting Date and Time}
'xrdef {Formatting Date and Time-pg}{347}
'xrdef {Formatting Date and Time-snt}{Section'tie17.2.4}
'xrdef {TZ Variable-title}{Specifying the Time Zone with \code {TZ}}
'xrdef {TZ Variable-pg}{352}
'xrdef {TZ Variable-snt}{Section'tie17.2.5}
'xrdef {Time Zone Functions-title}{Functions and Variables for Time Zones}
'xrdef {Time Zone Functions-pg}{354}
'xrdef {Time Zone Functions-snt}{Section'tie17.2.6}
'xrdef {Time Functions Example-title}{Time Functions Example}
'xrdef {Time Functions Example-pg}{355}
'xrdef {Time Functions Example-snt}{Section'tie17.2.7}
'xrdef {Setting an Alarm-title}{Setting an Alarm}
'xrdef {Setting an Alarm-pg}{356}
'xrdef {Setting an Alarm-snt}{Section'tie17.3}
'xrdef {Sleeping-title}{Sleeping}
'xrdef {Sleeping-pg}{359}
'xrdef {Sleeping-snt}{Section'tie17.4}
'xrdef {Resource Usage-title}{Resource Usage}
'xrdef {Resource Usage-pg}{360}
'xrdef {Resource Usage-snt}{Section'tie17.5}
'xrdef {Limits on Resources-title}{Limiting Resource Usage}
'xrdef {Limits on Resources-pg}{362}
'xrdef {Limits on Resources-snt}{Section'tie17.6}
'xrdef {Priority-title}{Process Priority}
'xrdef {Priority-pg}{364}
'xrdef {Priority-snt}{Section'tie17.7}
'xrdef {Extended Characters-title}{Extended Characters}
'xrdef {Extended Characters-pg}{367}
'xrdef {Extended Characters-snt}{Chapter'tie18}
'xrdef {Extended Char Intro-title}{Introduction to Extended Characters}
'xrdef {Extended Char Intro-pg}{367}
'xrdef {Extended Char Intro-snt}{Section'tie18.1}
'xrdef {Locales and Extended Chars-title}{Locales and Extended Characters}
'xrdef {Locales and Extended Chars-pg}{368}
'xrdef {Locales and Extended Chars-snt}{Section'tie18.2}
'xrdef {Multibyte Char Intro-title}{Multibyte Characters}
'xrdef {Multibyte Char Intro-pg}{368}
'xrdef {Multibyte Char Intro-snt}{Section'tie18.3}
'xrdef {Wide Char Intro-title}{Wide Character Introduction}
'xrdef {Wide Char Intro-pg}{371}
'xrdef {Wide Char Intro-snt}{Section'tie18.4}
'xrdef {Wide String Conversion-title}{Conversion of Extended Strings}
'xrdef {Wide String Conversion-pg}{372}
'xrdef {Wide String Conversion-snt}{Section'tie18.5}
'xrdef {Length of Char-title}{Multibyte Character Length}
'xrdef {Length of Char-pg}{373}
'xrdef {Length of Char-snt}{Section'tie18.6}
'xrdef {Converting One Char-title}{Conversion of Extended Characters One by One}
'xrdef {Converting One Char-pg}{374}
'xrdef {Converting One Char-snt}{Section'tie18.7}
'xrdef {Example of Conversion-title}{Character-by-Character Conversion Example}
'xrdef {Example of Conversion-pg}{375}
'xrdef {Example of Conversion-snt}{Section'tie18.8}
'xrdef {Shift State-title}{Multibyte Codes Using Shift Sequences}
'xrdef {Shift State-pg}{377}
'xrdef {Shift State-snt}{Section'tie18.9}
'xrdef {Locales-title}{Locales and Internationalization}
'xrdef {Locales-pg}{379}
'xrdef {Locales-snt}{Chapter'tie19}
'xrdef {Effects of Locale-title}{What Effects a Locale Has}
'xrdef {Effects of Locale-pg}{379}
'xrdef {Effects of Locale-snt}{Section'tie19.1}
'xrdef {Choosing Locale-title}{Choosing a Locale}
'xrdef {Choosing Locale-pg}{380}
'xrdef {Choosing Locale-snt}{Section'tie19.2}
'xrdef {Locale Categories-title}{Categories of Activities that Locales Affect}
'xrdef {Locale Categories-pg}{380}
'xrdef {Locale Categories-snt}{Section'tie19.3}
'xrdef {Setting the Locale-title}{How Programs Set the Locale}
'xrdef {Setting the Locale-pg}{381}
'xrdef {Setting the Locale-snt}{Section'tie19.4}
'xrdef {Standard Locales-title}{Standard Locales}
'xrdef {Standard Locales-pg}{383}
'xrdef {Standard Locales-snt}{Section'tie19.5}
'xrdef {Numeric Formatting-title}{Numeric Formatting}
'xrdef {Numeric Formatting-pg}{383}
'xrdef {Numeric Formatting-snt}{Section'tie19.6}
'xrdef {General Numeric-title}{Generic Numeric Formatting Parameters}
'xrdef {General Numeric-pg}{384}
'xrdef {General Numeric-snt}{Section'tie19.6.1}
'xrdef {Currency Symbol-title}{Printing the Currency Symbol}
'xrdef {Currency Symbol-pg}{385}
'xrdef {Currency Symbol-snt}{Section'tie19.6.2}
'xrdef {Sign of Money Amount-title}{Printing the Sign of an Amount of Money}
'xrdef {Sign of Money Amount-pg}{387}
'xrdef {Sign of Money Amount-snt}{Section'tie19.6.3}
'xrdef {Non-Local Exits-title}{Non-Local Exits}
'xrdef {Non-Local Exits-pg}{389}
'xrdef {Non-Local Exits-snt}{Chapter'tie20}
'xrdef {Non-Local Intro-title}{Introduction to Non-Local Exits}
'xrdef {Non-Local Intro-pg}{389}
'xrdef {Non-Local Intro-snt}{Section'tie20.1}
'xrdef {Non-Local Details-title}{Details of Non-Local Exits}
'xrdef {Non-Local Details-pg}{391}
'xrdef {Non-Local Details-snt}{Section'tie20.2}
'xrdef {Non-Local Exits and Signals-title}{Non-Local Exits and Signals}
'xrdef {Non-Local Exits and Signals-pg}{392}
'xrdef {Non-Local Exits and Signals-snt}{Section'tie20.3}
'xrdef {Signal Handling-title}{Signal Handling}
'xrdef {Signal Handling-pg}{393}
'xrdef {Signal Handling-snt}{Chapter'tie21}
'xrdef {Concepts of Signals-title}{Basic Concepts of Signals}
'xrdef {Concepts of Signals-pg}{393}
'xrdef {Concepts of Signals-snt}{Section'tie21.1}
'xrdef {Kinds of Signals-title}{Some Kinds of Signals}
'xrdef {Kinds of Signals-pg}{393}
'xrdef {Kinds of Signals-snt}{Section'tie21.1.1}
'xrdef {Signal Generation-title}{Concepts of Signal Generation}
'xrdef {Signal Generation-pg}{394}
'xrdef {Signal Generation-snt}{Section'tie21.1.2}
'xrdef {Delivery of Signal-title}{How Signals Are Delivered}
'xrdef {Delivery of Signal-pg}{394}
'xrdef {Delivery of Signal-snt}{Section'tie21.1.3}
'xrdef {Standard Signals-title}{Standard Signals}
'xrdef {Standard Signals-pg}{395}
'xrdef {Standard Signals-snt}{Section'tie21.2}
'xrdef {Program Error Signals-title}{Program Error Signals}
'xrdef {Program Error Signals-pg}{396}
'xrdef {Program Error Signals-snt}{Section'tie21.2.1}
'xrdef {Termination Signals-title}{Termination Signals}
'xrdef {Termination Signals-pg}{399}
'xrdef {Termination Signals-snt}{Section'tie21.2.2}
'xrdef {Alarm Signals-title}{Alarm Signals}
'xrdef {Alarm Signals-pg}{401}
'xrdef {Alarm Signals-snt}{Section'tie21.2.3}
'xrdef {Asynchronous I/O Signals-title}{Asynchronous I/O Signals}
'xrdef {Asynchronous I/O Signals-pg}{401}
'xrdef {Asynchronous I/O Signals-snt}{Section'tie21.2.4}
'xrdef {Job Control Signals-title}{Job Control Signals}
'xrdef {Job Control Signals-pg}{402}
'xrdef {Job Control Signals-snt}{Section'tie21.2.5}
'xrdef {Operation Error Signals-title}{Operation Error Signals}
'xrdef {Operation Error Signals-pg}{404}
'xrdef {Operation Error Signals-snt}{Section'tie21.2.6}
'xrdef {Miscellaneous Signals-title}{Miscellaneous Signals}
'xrdef {Miscellaneous Signals-pg}{404}
'xrdef {Miscellaneous Signals-snt}{Section'tie21.2.7}
'xrdef {Signal Messages-title}{Signal Messages}
'xrdef {Signal Messages-pg}{405}
'xrdef {Signal Messages-snt}{Section'tie21.2.8}
'xrdef {Signal Actions-title}{Specifying Signal Actions}
'xrdef {Signal Actions-pg}{406}
'xrdef {Signal Actions-snt}{Section'tie21.3}
'xrdef {Basic Signal Handling-title}{Basic Signal Handling}
'xrdef {Basic Signal Handling-pg}{406}
'xrdef {Basic Signal Handling-snt}{Section'tie21.3.1}
'xrdef {Advanced Signal Handling-title}{Advanced Signal Handling}
'xrdef {Advanced Signal Handling-pg}{408}
'xrdef {Advanced Signal Handling-snt}{Section'tie21.3.2}
'xrdef {Signal and Sigaction-title}{Interaction of \code {signal} and \code {sigaction}}
'xrdef {Signal and Sigaction-pg}{410}
'xrdef {Signal and Sigaction-snt}{Section'tie21.3.3}
'xrdef {Sigaction Function Example-title}{\code {sigaction} Function Example}
'xrdef {Sigaction Function Example-pg}{410}
'xrdef {Sigaction Function Example-snt}{Section'tie21.3.4}
'xrdef {Flags for Sigaction-title}{Flags for \code {sigaction}}
'xrdef {Flags for Sigaction-pg}{412}
'xrdef {Flags for Sigaction-snt}{Section'tie21.3.5}
'xrdef {Initial Signal Actions-title}{Initial Signal Actions}
'xrdef {Initial Signal Actions-pg}{412}
'xrdef {Initial Signal Actions-snt}{Section'tie21.3.6}
'xrdef {Defining Handlers-title}{Defining Signal Handlers}
'xrdef {Defining Handlers-pg}{413}
'xrdef {Defining Handlers-snt}{Section'tie21.4}
'xrdef {Handler Returns-title}{Signal Handlers that Return}
'xrdef {Handler Returns-pg}{414}
'xrdef {Handler Returns-snt}{Section'tie21.4.1}
'xrdef {Termination in Handler-title}{Handlers That Terminate the Process}
'xrdef {Termination in Handler-pg}{415}
'xrdef {Termination in Handler-snt}{Section'tie21.4.2}
'xrdef {Longjmp in Handler-title}{Nonlocal Control Transfer in Handlers}
'xrdef {Longjmp in Handler-pg}{416}
'xrdef {Longjmp in Handler-snt}{Section'tie21.4.3}
'xrdef {Signals in Handler-title}{Signals Arriving While a Handler Runs}
'xrdef {Signals in Handler-pg}{417}
'xrdef {Signals in Handler-snt}{Section'tie21.4.4}
'xrdef {Merged Signals-title}{Signals Close Together Merge into One}
'xrdef {Merged Signals-pg}{418}
'xrdef {Merged Signals-snt}{Section'tie21.4.5}
'xrdef {Nonreentrancy-title}{Signal Handling and Nonreentrant Functions}
'xrdef {Nonreentrancy-pg}{421}
'xrdef {Nonreentrancy-snt}{Section'tie21.4.6}
'xrdef {Atomic Data Access-title}{Atomic Data Access and Signal Handling}
'xrdef {Atomic Data Access-pg}{423}
'xrdef {Atomic Data Access-snt}{Section'tie21.4.7}
'xrdef {Non-atomic Example-title}{Problems with Non-Atomic Access}
'xrdef {Non-atomic Example-pg}{423}
'xrdef {Non-atomic Example-snt}{Section'tie21.4.7.1}
'xrdef {Atomic Types-title}{Atomic Types}
'xrdef {Atomic Types-pg}{424}
'xrdef {Atomic Types-snt}{Section'tie21.4.7.2}
'xrdef {Atomic Usage-title}{Atomic Usage Patterns}
'xrdef {Atomic Usage-pg}{425}
'xrdef {Atomic Usage-snt}{Section'tie21.4.7.3}
'xrdef {Interrupted Primitives-title}{Primitives Interrupted by Signals}
'xrdef {Interrupted Primitives-pg}{425}
'xrdef {Interrupted Primitives-snt}{Section'tie21.5}
'xrdef {Generating Signals-title}{Generating Signals}
'xrdef {Generating Signals-pg}{426}
'xrdef {Generating Signals-snt}{Section'tie21.6}
'xrdef {Signaling Yourself-title}{Signaling Yourself}
'xrdef {Signaling Yourself-pg}{426}
'xrdef {Signaling Yourself-snt}{Section'tie21.6.1}
'xrdef {Signaling Another Process-title}{Signaling Another Process}
'xrdef {Signaling Another Process-pg}{428}
'xrdef {Signaling Another Process-snt}{Section'tie21.6.2}
'xrdef {Permission for kill-title}{Permission for using \code {kill}}
'xrdef {Permission for kill-pg}{429}
'xrdef {Permission for kill-snt}{Section'tie21.6.3}
'xrdef {Kill Example-title}{Using \code {kill} for Communication}
'xrdef {Kill Example-pg}{430}
'xrdef {Kill Example-snt}{Section'tie21.6.4}
'xrdef {Blocking Signals-title}{Blocking Signals}
'xrdef {Blocking Signals-pg}{431}
'xrdef {Blocking Signals-snt}{Section'tie21.7}
'xrdef {Why Block-title}{Why Blocking Signals is Useful}
'xrdef {Why Block-pg}{432}
'xrdef {Why Block-snt}{Section'tie21.7.1}
'xrdef {Signal Sets-title}{Signal Sets}
'xrdef {Signal Sets-pg}{432}
'xrdef {Signal Sets-snt}{Section'tie21.7.2}
'xrdef {Process Signal Mask-title}{Process Signal Mask}
'xrdef {Process Signal Mask-pg}{433}
'xrdef {Process Signal Mask-snt}{Section'tie21.7.3}
'xrdef {Testing for Delivery-title}{Blocking to Test for Delivery of a Signal}
'xrdef {Testing for Delivery-pg}{435}
'xrdef {Testing for Delivery-snt}{Section'tie21.7.4}
'xrdef {Blocking for Handler-title}{Blocking Signals for a Handler}
'xrdef {Blocking for Handler-pg}{435}
'xrdef {Blocking for Handler-snt}{Section'tie21.7.5}
'xrdef {Checking for Pending Signals-title}{Checking for Pending Signals}
'xrdef {Checking for Pending Signals-pg}{437}
'xrdef {Checking for Pending Signals-snt}{Section'tie21.7.6}
'xrdef {Remembering a Signal-title}{Remembering a Signal to Act On Later}
'xrdef {Remembering a Signal-pg}{438}
'xrdef {Remembering a Signal-snt}{Section'tie21.7.7}
'xrdef {Waiting for a Signal-title}{Waiting for a Signal}
'xrdef {Waiting for a Signal-pg}{439}
'xrdef {Waiting for a Signal-snt}{Section'tie21.8}
'xrdef {Using Pause-title}{Using \code {pause}}
'xrdef {Using Pause-pg}{439}
'xrdef {Using Pause-snt}{Section'tie21.8.1}
'xrdef {Pause Problems-title}{Problems with \code {pause}}
'xrdef {Pause Problems-pg}{440}
'xrdef {Pause Problems-snt}{Section'tie21.8.2}
'xrdef {Sigsuspend-title}{Using \code {sigsuspend}}
'xrdef {Sigsuspend-pg}{441}
'xrdef {Sigsuspend-snt}{Section'tie21.8.3}
'xrdef {Signal Stack-title}{Using a Separate Signal Stack}
'xrdef {Signal Stack-pg}{442}
'xrdef {Signal Stack-snt}{Section'tie21.9}
'xrdef {BSD Signal Handling-title}{BSD Signal Handling}
'xrdef {BSD Signal Handling-pg}{444}
'xrdef {BSD Signal Handling-snt}{Section'tie21.10}
'xrdef {BSD Handler-title}{BSD Function to Establish a Handler}
'xrdef {BSD Handler-pg}{445}
'xrdef {BSD Handler-snt}{Section'tie21.10.1}
'xrdef {Blocking in BSD-title}{BSD Functions for Blocking Signals}
'xrdef {Blocking in BSD-pg}{446}
'xrdef {Blocking in BSD-snt}{Section'tie21.10.2}
'xrdef {Process Startup-title}{Process Startup and Termination}
'xrdef {Process Startup-pg}{447}
'xrdef {Process Startup-snt}{Chapter'tie22}
'xrdef {Program Arguments-title}{Program Arguments}
'xrdef {Program Arguments-pg}{447}
'xrdef {Program Arguments-snt}{Section'tie22.1}
'xrdef {Argument Syntax-title}{Program Argument Syntax Conventions}
'xrdef {Argument Syntax-pg}{448}
'xrdef {Argument Syntax-snt}{Section'tie22.1.1}
'xrdef {Parsing Options-title}{Parsing Program Options}
'xrdef {Parsing Options-pg}{449}
'xrdef {Parsing Options-snt}{Section'tie22.1.2}
'xrdef {Example of Getopt-title}{Example of Parsing Arguments with \code {getopt}}
'xrdef {Example of Getopt-pg}{450}
'xrdef {Example of Getopt-snt}{Section'tie22.1.3}
'xrdef {Long Options-title}{Parsing Long Options}
'xrdef {Long Options-pg}{452}
'xrdef {Long Options-snt}{Section'tie22.1.4}
'xrdef {Long Option Example-title}{Example of Parsing Long Options}
'xrdef {Long Option Example-pg}{454}
'xrdef {Long Option Example-snt}{Section'tie22.1.5}
'xrdef {Suboptions-title}{Parsing of Suboptions}
'xrdef {Suboptions-pg}{456}
'xrdef {Suboptions-snt}{Section'tie22.1.6}
'xrdef {Suboptions Example-title}{Parsing of Suboptions Example}
'xrdef {Suboptions Example-pg}{457}
'xrdef {Suboptions Example-snt}{Section'tie22.1.7}
'xrdef {Environment Variables-title}{Environment Variables}
'xrdef {Environment Variables-pg}{458}
'xrdef {Environment Variables-snt}{Section'tie22.2}
'xrdef {Environment Access-title}{Environment Access}
'xrdef {Environment Access-pg}{459}
'xrdef {Environment Access-snt}{Section'tie22.2.1}
'xrdef {Standard Environment-title}{Standard Environment Variables}
'xrdef {Standard Environment-pg}{460}
'xrdef {Standard Environment-snt}{Section'tie22.2.2}
'xrdef {Program Termination-title}{Program Termination}
'xrdef {Program Termination-pg}{462}
'xrdef {Program Termination-snt}{Section'tie22.3}
'xrdef {Normal Termination-title}{Normal Termination}
'xrdef {Normal Termination-pg}{462}
'xrdef {Normal Termination-snt}{Section'tie22.3.1}
'xrdef {Exit Status-title}{Exit Status}
'xrdef {Exit Status-pg}{463}
'xrdef {Exit Status-snt}{Section'tie22.3.2}
'xrdef {Cleanups on Exit-title}{Cleanups on Exit}
'xrdef {Cleanups on Exit-pg}{464}
'xrdef {Cleanups on Exit-snt}{Section'tie22.3.3}
'xrdef {Aborting a Program-title}{Aborting a Program}
'xrdef {Aborting a Program-pg}{465}
'xrdef {Aborting a Program-snt}{Section'tie22.3.4}
'xrdef {Termination Internals-title}{Termination Internals}
'xrdef {Termination Internals-pg}{465}
'xrdef {Termination Internals-snt}{Section'tie22.3.5}
'xrdef {Processes-title}{Processes}
'xrdef {Processes-pg}{467}
'xrdef {Processes-snt}{Chapter'tie23}
'xrdef {Running a Command-title}{Running a Command}
'xrdef {Running a Command-pg}{467}
'xrdef {Running a Command-snt}{Section'tie23.1}
'xrdef {Process Creation Concepts-title}{Process Creation Concepts}
'xrdef {Process Creation Concepts-pg}{468}
'xrdef {Process Creation Concepts-snt}{Section'tie23.2}
'xrdef {Process Identification-title}{Process Identification}
'xrdef {Process Identification-pg}{468}
'xrdef {Process Identification-snt}{Section'tie23.3}
'xrdef {Creating a Process-title}{Creating a Process}
'xrdef {Creating a Process-pg}{469}
'xrdef {Creating a Process-snt}{Section'tie23.4}
'xrdef {Executing a File-title}{Executing a File}
'xrdef {Executing a File-pg}{470}
'xrdef {Executing a File-snt}{Section'tie23.5}
'xrdef {Process Completion-title}{Process Completion}
'xrdef {Process Completion-pg}{473}
'xrdef {Process Completion-snt}{Section'tie23.6}
'xrdef {Process Completion Status-title}{Process Completion Status}
'xrdef {Process Completion Status-pg}{476}
'xrdef {Process Completion Status-snt}{Section'tie23.7}
'xrdef {BSD Wait Functions-title}{BSD Process Wait Functions}
'xrdef {BSD Wait Functions-pg}{476}
'xrdef {BSD Wait Functions-snt}{Section'tie23.8}
'xrdef {Process Creation Example-title}{Process Creation Example}
'xrdef {Process Creation Example-pg}{477}
'xrdef {Process Creation Example-snt}{Section'tie23.9}
'xrdef {Job Control-title}{Job Control}
'xrdef {Job Control-pg}{479}
'xrdef {Job Control-snt}{Chapter'tie24}
'xrdef {Concepts of Job Control-title}{Concepts of Job Control}
'xrdef {Concepts of Job Control-pg}{479}
'xrdef {Concepts of Job Control-snt}{Section'tie24.1}
'xrdef {Job Control is Optional-title}{Job Control is Optional}
'xrdef {Job Control is Optional-pg}{480}
'xrdef {Job Control is Optional-snt}{Section'tie24.2}
'xrdef {Controlling Terminal-title}{Controlling Terminal of a Process}
'xrdef {Controlling Terminal-pg}{480}
'xrdef {Controlling Terminal-snt}{Section'tie24.3}
'xrdef {Access to the Terminal-title}{Access to the Controlling Terminal}
'xrdef {Access to the Terminal-pg}{481}
'xrdef {Access to the Terminal-snt}{Section'tie24.4}
'xrdef {Orphaned Process Groups-title}{Orphaned Process Groups}
'xrdef {Orphaned Process Groups-pg}{481}
'xrdef {Orphaned Process Groups-snt}{Section'tie24.5}
'xrdef {Implementing a Shell-title}{Implementing a Job Control Shell}
'xrdef {Implementing a Shell-pg}{482}
'xrdef {Implementing a Shell-snt}{Section'tie24.6}
'xrdef {Data Structures-title}{Data Structures for the Shell}
'xrdef {Data Structures-pg}{482}
'xrdef {Data Structures-snt}{Section'tie24.6.1}
'xrdef {Initializing the Shell-title}{Initializing the Shell}
'xrdef {Initializing the Shell-pg}{484}
'xrdef {Initializing the Shell-snt}{Section'tie24.6.2}
'xrdef {Launching Jobs-title}{Launching Jobs}
'xrdef {Launching Jobs-pg}{486}
'xrdef {Launching Jobs-snt}{Section'tie24.6.3}
'xrdef {Foreground and Background-title}{Foreground and Background}
'xrdef {Foreground and Background-pg}{490}
'xrdef {Foreground and Background-snt}{Section'tie24.6.4}
'xrdef {Stopped and Terminated Jobs-title}{Stopped and Terminated Jobs}
'xrdef {Stopped and Terminated Jobs-pg}{492}
'xrdef {Stopped and Terminated Jobs-snt}{Section'tie24.6.5}
'xrdef {Continuing Stopped Jobs-title}{Continuing Stopped Jobs}
'xrdef {Continuing Stopped Jobs-pg}{496}
'xrdef {Continuing Stopped Jobs-snt}{Section'tie24.6.6}
'xrdef {Missing Pieces-title}{The Missing Pieces}
'xrdef {Missing Pieces-pg}{496}
'xrdef {Missing Pieces-snt}{Section'tie24.6.7}
'xrdef {Functions for Job Control-title}{Functions for Job Control}
'xrdef {Functions for Job Control-pg}{497}
'xrdef {Functions for Job Control-snt}{Section'tie24.7}
'xrdef {Identifying the Terminal-title}{Identifying the Controlling Terminal}
'xrdef {Identifying the Terminal-pg}{497}
'xrdef {Identifying the Terminal-snt}{Section'tie24.7.1}
'xrdef {Process Group Functions-title}{Process Group Functions}
'xrdef {Process Group Functions-pg}{498}
'xrdef {Process Group Functions-snt}{Section'tie24.7.2}
'xrdef {Terminal Access Functions-title}{Functions for Controlling Terminal Access}
'xrdef {Terminal Access Functions-pg}{499}
'xrdef {Terminal Access Functions-snt}{Section'tie24.7.3}
'xrdef {Name Service Switch-title}{System Databases and Name Service Switch}
'xrdef {Name Service Switch-pg}{501}
'xrdef {Name Service Switch-snt}{Chapter'tie25}
'xrdef {NSS Basics-title}{NSS Basics}
'xrdef {NSS Basics-pg}{501}
'xrdef {NSS Basics-snt}{Section'tie25.1}
'xrdef {NSS Configuration File-title}{The NSS Configuration File}
'xrdef {NSS Configuration File-pg}{502}
'xrdef {NSS Configuration File-snt}{Section'tie25.2}
'xrdef {Services in the NSS configuration-title}{Services in the NSS configuration File}
'xrdef {Services in the NSS configuration-pg}{503}
'xrdef {Services in the NSS configuration-snt}{Section'tie25.2.1}
'xrdef {Actions in the NSS configuration-title}{Actions in the NSS configuration}
'xrdef {Actions in the NSS configuration-pg}{503}
'xrdef {Actions in the NSS configuration-snt}{Section'tie25.2.2}
'xrdef {Notes on NSS Configuration File-title}{Notes on the NSS Configuration File}
'xrdef {Notes on NSS Configuration File-pg}{504}
'xrdef {Notes on NSS Configuration File-snt}{Section'tie25.2.3}
'xrdef {NSS Module Internals-title}{NSS Module Internals}
'xrdef {NSS Module Internals-pg}{505}
'xrdef {NSS Module Internals-snt}{Section'tie25.3}
'xrdef {NSS Module Names-title}{The Naming Scheme of the NSS Modules}
'xrdef {NSS Module Names-pg}{505}
'xrdef {NSS Module Names-snt}{Section'tie25.3.1}
'xrdef {NSS Modules Interface-title}{The Interface of the Function in NSS Modules}
'xrdef {NSS Modules Interface-pg}{506}
'xrdef {NSS Modules Interface-snt}{Section'tie25.3.2}
'xrdef {Extending NSS-title}{Extending NSS}
'xrdef {Extending NSS-pg}{508}
'xrdef {Extending NSS-snt}{Section'tie25.4}
'xrdef {Adding another Service to NSS-title}{Adding another Service to NSS}
'xrdef {Adding another Service to NSS-pg}{508}
'xrdef {Adding another Service to NSS-snt}{Section'tie25.4.1}
'xrdef {NSS Module Function Internals-title}{Internals of the NSS Module Functions}
'xrdef {NSS Module Function Internals-pg}{509}
'xrdef {NSS Module Function Internals-snt}{Section'tie25.4.2}
'xrdef {Users and Groups-title}{Users and Groups}
'xrdef {Users and Groups-pg}{511}
'xrdef {Users and Groups-snt}{Chapter'tie26}
'xrdef {User and Group IDs-title}{User and Group IDs}
'xrdef {User and Group IDs-pg}{511}
'xrdef {User and Group IDs-snt}{Section'tie26.1}
'xrdef {Process Persona-title}{The Persona of a Process}
'xrdef {Process Persona-pg}{511}
'xrdef {Process Persona-snt}{Section'tie26.2}
'xrdef {Why Change Persona-title}{Why Change the Persona of a Process?}
'xrdef {Why Change Persona-pg}{512}
'xrdef {Why Change Persona-snt}{Section'tie26.3}
'xrdef {How Change Persona-title}{How an Application Can Change Persona}
'xrdef {How Change Persona-pg}{513}
'xrdef {How Change Persona-snt}{Section'tie26.4}
'xrdef {Reading Persona-title}{Reading the Persona of a Process}
'xrdef {Reading Persona-pg}{513}
'xrdef {Reading Persona-snt}{Section'tie26.5}
'xrdef {Setting User ID-title}{Setting the User ID}
'xrdef {Setting User ID-pg}{514}
'xrdef {Setting User ID-snt}{Section'tie26.6}
'xrdef {Setting Groups-title}{Setting the Group IDs}
'xrdef {Setting Groups-pg}{515}
'xrdef {Setting Groups-snt}{Section'tie26.7}
'xrdef {Enable/Disable Setuid-title}{Enabling and Disabling Setuid Access}
'xrdef {Enable/Disable Setuid-pg}{516}
'xrdef {Enable/Disable Setuid-snt}{Section'tie26.8}
'xrdef {Setuid Program Example-title}{Setuid Program Example}
'xrdef {Setuid Program Example-pg}{517}
'xrdef {Setuid Program Example-snt}{Section'tie26.9}
'xrdef {Tips for Setuid-title}{Tips for Writing Setuid Programs}
'xrdef {Tips for Setuid-pg}{520}
'xrdef {Tips for Setuid-snt}{Section'tie26.10}
'xrdef {Who Logged In-title}{Identifying Who Logged In}
'xrdef {Who Logged In-pg}{520}
'xrdef {Who Logged In-snt}{Section'tie26.11}
'xrdef {User Database-title}{User Database}
'xrdef {User Database-pg}{521}
'xrdef {User Database-snt}{Section'tie26.12}
'xrdef {User Data Structure-title}{The Data Structure that Describes a User}
'xrdef {User Data Structure-pg}{521}
'xrdef {User Data Structure-snt}{Section'tie26.12.1}
'xrdef {Lookup User-title}{Looking Up One User}
'xrdef {Lookup User-pg}{522}
'xrdef {Lookup User-snt}{Section'tie26.12.2}
'xrdef {Scanning All Users-title}{Scanning the List of All Users}
'xrdef {Scanning All Users-pg}{523}
'xrdef {Scanning All Users-snt}{Section'tie26.12.3}
'xrdef {Writing a User Entry-title}{Writing a User Entry}
'xrdef {Writing a User Entry-pg}{525}
'xrdef {Writing a User Entry-snt}{Section'tie26.12.4}
'xrdef {Group Database-title}{Group Database}
'xrdef {Group Database-pg}{525}
'xrdef {Group Database-snt}{Section'tie26.13}
'xrdef {Group Data Structure-title}{The Data Structure for a Group}
'xrdef {Group Data Structure-pg}{525}
'xrdef {Group Data Structure-snt}{Section'tie26.13.1}
'xrdef {Lookup Group-title}{Looking Up One Group}
'xrdef {Lookup Group-pg}{525}
'xrdef {Lookup Group-snt}{Section'tie26.13.2}
'xrdef {Scanning All Groups-title}{Scanning the List of All Groups}
'xrdef {Scanning All Groups-pg}{527}
'xrdef {Scanning All Groups-snt}{Section'tie26.13.3}
'xrdef {Netgroup Database-title}{Netgroup Database}
'xrdef {Netgroup Database-pg}{528}
'xrdef {Netgroup Database-snt}{Section'tie26.14}
'xrdef {Netgroup Data-title}{Netgroup Data}
'xrdef {Netgroup Data-pg}{528}
'xrdef {Netgroup Data-snt}{Section'tie26.14.1}
'xrdef {Lookup Netgroup-title}{Looking up one Netgroup}
'xrdef {Lookup Netgroup-pg}{529}
'xrdef {Lookup Netgroup-snt}{Section'tie26.14.2}
'xrdef {Netgroup Membership-title}{Testing for Netgroup Membership}
'xrdef {Netgroup Membership-pg}{530}
'xrdef {Netgroup Membership-snt}{Section'tie26.14.3}
'xrdef {Database Example-title}{User and Group Database Example}
'xrdef {Database Example-pg}{530}
'xrdef {Database Example-snt}{Section'tie26.15}
'xrdef {System Information-title}{System Information}
'xrdef {System Information-pg}{533}
'xrdef {System Information-snt}{Chapter'tie27}
'xrdef {Host Identification-title}{Host Identification}
'xrdef {Host Identification-pg}{533}
'xrdef {Host Identification-snt}{Section'tie27.1}
'xrdef {Hardware/Software Type ID-title}{Hardware/Software Type Identification}
'xrdef {Hardware/Software Type ID-pg}{534}
'xrdef {Hardware/Software Type ID-snt}{Section'tie27.2}
'xrdef {System Configuration-title}{System Configuration Parameters}
'xrdef {System Configuration-pg}{537}
'xrdef {System Configuration-snt}{Chapter'tie28}
'xrdef {General Limits-title}{General Capacity Limits}
'xrdef {General Limits-pg}{537}
'xrdef {General Limits-snt}{Section'tie28.1}
'xrdef {System Options-title}{Overall System Options}
'xrdef {System Options-pg}{538}
'xrdef {System Options-snt}{Section'tie28.2}
'xrdef {Version Supported-title}{Which Version of POSIX is Supported}
'xrdef {Version Supported-pg}{540}
'xrdef {Version Supported-snt}{Section'tie28.3}
'xrdef {Sysconf-title}{Using \code {sysconf}}
'xrdef {Sysconf-pg}{540}
'xrdef {Sysconf-snt}{Section'tie28.4}
'xrdef {Sysconf Definition-title}{Definition of \code {sysconf}}
'xrdef {Sysconf Definition-pg}{541}
'xrdef {Sysconf Definition-snt}{Section'tie28.4.1}
'xrdef {Constants for Sysconf-title}{Constants for \code {sysconf} Parameters}
'xrdef {Constants for Sysconf-pg}{541}
'xrdef {Constants for Sysconf-snt}{Section'tie28.4.2}
'xrdef {Examples of Sysconf-title}{Examples of \code {sysconf}}
'xrdef {Examples of Sysconf-pg}{543}
'xrdef {Examples of Sysconf-snt}{Section'tie28.4.3}
'xrdef {Minimums-title}{Minimum Values for General Capacity Limits}
'xrdef {Minimums-pg}{544}
'xrdef {Minimums-snt}{Section'tie28.5}
'xrdef {Limits for Files-title}{Limits on File System Capacity}
'xrdef {Limits for Files-pg}{545}
'xrdef {Limits for Files-snt}{Section'tie28.6}
'xrdef {Options for Files-title}{Optional Features in File Support}
'xrdef {Options for Files-pg}{546}
'xrdef {Options for Files-snt}{Section'tie28.7}
'xrdef {File Minimums-title}{Minimum Values for File System Limits}
'xrdef {File Minimums-pg}{547}
'xrdef {File Minimums-snt}{Section'tie28.8}
'xrdef {Pathconf-title}{Using \code {pathconf}}
'xrdef {Pathconf-pg}{548}
'xrdef {Pathconf-snt}{Section'tie28.9}
'xrdef {Utility Limits-title}{Utility Program Capacity Limits}
'xrdef {Utility Limits-pg}{549}
'xrdef {Utility Limits-snt}{Section'tie28.10}
'xrdef {Utility Minimums-title}{Minimum Values for Utility Limits}
'xrdef {Utility Minimums-pg}{550}
'xrdef {Utility Minimums-snt}{Section'tie28.11}
'xrdef {String Parameters-title}{String-Valued Parameters}
'xrdef {String Parameters-pg}{551}
'xrdef {String Parameters-snt}{Section'tie28.12}
'xrdef {Language Features-title}{C Language Facilities in the Library}
'xrdef {Language Features-pg}{553}
'xrdef {Language Features-snt}{Appendix'tie'char65{}}
'xrdef {Consistency Checking-title}{Explicitly Checking Internal Consistency}
'xrdef {Consistency Checking-pg}{553}
'xrdef {Consistency Checking-snt}{Section'tie'char65.1}
'xrdef {Variadic Functions-title}{Variadic Functions}
'xrdef {Variadic Functions-pg}{555}
'xrdef {Variadic Functions-snt}{Section'tie'char65.2}
'xrdef {Why Variadic-title}{Why Variadic Functions are Used}
'xrdef {Why Variadic-pg}{555}
'xrdef {Why Variadic-snt}{Section'tie'char65.2.1}
'xrdef {How Variadic-title}{How Variadic Functions are Defined and Used}
'xrdef {How Variadic-pg}{556}
'xrdef {How Variadic-snt}{Section'tie'char65.2.2}
'xrdef {Variadic Prototypes-title}{Syntax for Variable Arguments}
'xrdef {Variadic Prototypes-pg}{556}
'xrdef {Variadic Prototypes-snt}{Section'tie'char65.2.2.1}
'xrdef {Receiving Arguments-title}{Receiving the Argument Values}
'xrdef {Receiving Arguments-pg}{556}
'xrdef {Receiving Arguments-snt}{Section'tie'char65.2.2.2}
'xrdef {How Many Arguments-title}{How Many Arguments Were Supplied}
'xrdef {How Many Arguments-pg}{557}
'xrdef {How Many Arguments-snt}{Section'tie'char65.2.2.3}
'xrdef {Calling Variadics-title}{Calling Variadic Functions}
'xrdef {Calling Variadics-pg}{558}
'xrdef {Calling Variadics-snt}{Section'tie'char65.2.2.4}
'xrdef {Argument Macros-title}{Argument Access Macros}
'xrdef {Argument Macros-pg}{559}
'xrdef {Argument Macros-snt}{Section'tie'char65.2.2.5}
'xrdef {Variadic Example-title}{Example of a Variadic Function}
'xrdef {Variadic Example-pg}{559}
'xrdef {Variadic Example-snt}{Section'tie'char65.2.3}
'xrdef {Old Varargs-title}{Old-Style Variadic Functions}
'xrdef {Old Varargs-pg}{560}
'xrdef {Old Varargs-snt}{Section'tie'char65.2.3.1}
'xrdef {Null Pointer Constant-title}{Null Pointer Constant}
'xrdef {Null Pointer Constant-pg}{561}
'xrdef {Null Pointer Constant-snt}{Section'tie'char65.3}
'xrdef {Important Data Types-title}{Important Data Types}
'xrdef {Important Data Types-pg}{561}
'xrdef {Important Data Types-snt}{Section'tie'char65.4}
'xrdef {Data Type Measurements-title}{Data Type Measurements}
'xrdef {Data Type Measurements-pg}{562}
'xrdef {Data Type Measurements-snt}{Section'tie'char65.5}
'xrdef {Width of Type-title}{Computing the Width of an Integer Data Type}
'xrdef {Width of Type-pg}{563}
'xrdef {Width of Type-snt}{Section'tie'char65.5.1}
'xrdef {Range of Type-title}{Range of an Integer Type}
'xrdef {Range of Type-pg}{563}
'xrdef {Range of Type-snt}{Section'tie'char65.5.2}
'xrdef {Floating Type Macros-title}{Floating Type Macros}
'xrdef {Floating Type Macros-pg}{565}
'xrdef {F